小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 奶类、蛋类、坚果、鱼类、甲壳类动物、小麦或大豆的摄取
- 可重现的症状
- 潮红、荨麻疹或皮肤的血管性水肿
- 喷嚏、流涕或鼻塞
- 呼吸困难、气促、哮鸣、咳嗽或紫绀
- 声音嘶哑、喘鸣或窒息感
- 恶心和呕吐
- 腹部绞痛或胃气胀
- 腹泻
- 结膜充血或流泪
- 眼周水肿
- 突发性症状
- 由少量食物引起的反应
- 其他过敏性疾病的表现
- 喉水肿
其他诊断因素
- 心动过速或心动过缓
- 运动或劳累使病情恶化
- 在反应前摄入酒精或药品
- 心律失常
- 低血压
危险因素
- 食物过敏家族史
- 特应性皮炎
- 新生儿
- 围产期花生油暴露
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 体外IgE特异性的免疫测定法
- 皮肤点刺试验
需考虑的检查
- 食物激发试验
- 成分分辨诊断试验
新兴检查
- 过敏症斑贴试验
治疗流程
过敏性反应
皮肤症状
支气管痉挛
鼻结膜炎
稳定期
撰稿人
作者
A. Wesley Burks, MD
Curnen Distinguished Professor and Chair
Department of Pediatrics
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill
NC
利益声明
AWB receives grant support to his institution from the National Institutes of Health and the Burroughs Wellcome Fund; royalties from UpToDate; consulting honorariums from Astella Pharma Global Development, Allergy Therapeutics (UK) Ltd, DBV Technologies, Kaléo, N-Fold, LLC, ALK-Abelló Inc, and UKKO Inc, as well as Aimmune Therapeutics, Consortia TX Inc, and Prota Therapeutics for his service on their respective Scientific Advisory Boards. AWB owns stock in Allertein and Mastcell Pharmaceuticals. These interests do not directly relate to the article but are being shared for full disclosure. AWB is an author of references cited in this topic.
J. Andrew Bird, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Pediatrics
Division of Allergy and Immunology
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas
TX
利益声明
JAB has received personal fees from Abbot, grants and personal fees from Aimmune, personal fees from AllerGenis, personal fees from Allergy Therapeutics, personal fees from Before Brands, grants and personal fees from DBV Technologies, grants and personal fees from FARE, personal fees from HAL Allergy, grants and personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from Nutricia, personal fees from Prota Therapeutics, grants from Astellas, grants from Genentech, grants from NIH-NIAID, grants from Regeneron; and Vedanta Biosciences, Independent Study Monitor (uncompensated).
同行评议者
Justin Skripak, MD
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York
NY
利益声明
JS declares that he has no competing interests.
Hugh A. Sampson, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York
NY
利益声明
HAS holds a 4% interest in a biotech company, Allertein Pharmaceuticals LLC, which is developing an engineered recombinant protein vaccine for peanut allergy, and 45% interest in a virtual company, Herbal Springs LLC, that holds a patent application on an herbal product for treating asthma and another for treating food allergy. HAS is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Adam Fox, MA(Hons) Cantab., MSc, MBBS, DCH, FRCPCH, FHEA, Dip. Allergy
Consultant and Honorary Senior Lecturer in Paediatric Allergy
Evelina Children's Hospital
Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
London
UK
利益声明
AF declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 特应性皮炎
- 荨麻疹
- 耳颞综合征
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 英国变态反应与临床免疫学会（BSACI）有关处理鸡蛋过敏的指南
- 通过营养干预对食物过敏进行一级预防的统一方法：美国变态反应、哮喘和免疫学会（American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology）指南；美国变态反应、哮喘和免疫学院（American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology）指南；加拿大变态反应和临床免疫学会（Canadian Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology）指南
更多 指南患者教育信息
食物过敏：何为食物过敏？
食物过敏：现有哪些治疗方法？
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