When viewing this topic in a different language, you may notice some differences in the way the content is structured, but it still reflects the latest evidence-based guidance.

佝偻病

最后审阅: 12 Nov 2024
最后更新: 16 Jun 2021

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 骨痛
  • 生长迟缓
  • 达到运动发育里程碑的时间延迟
  • 骨骼畸形
  • 肌无力
  • 手足搐搦
  • 麻木或感觉异常
  • 抽搐
  • 低血钙性癫痫发作
完整详情

危险因素

  • 6-23 月龄
  • 日照不足
  • 母乳喂养
  • 较深肤色
  • 钙缺乏
  • 磷酸盐缺乏
  • 佝偻病家族史
  • 抗酸剂、袢利尿剂、皮质类固醇或抗惊厥药
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 长骨 X 线检查
  • 血清钙
  • 血清无机磷
  • 血清甲状旁腺素水平
  • 25 -羟基维生素 D 水平(骨化二醇)
  • 碱性磷酸酶和肝功能检查
  • 血清肌酐和尿素氮
  • 尿钙和尿磷
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 1,25 -二羟基维生素 D 水平(骨化三醇)
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

有症状低钙血症

持续性治疗

钙缺乏性佝偻病:维生素 D 缺乏症

钙缺乏性佝偻病:钙缺乏症

钙缺乏性佝偻病:假性维生素 D 缺乏症

钙缺乏性佝偻病:维生素 D 抵抗

低血磷性佝偻病:X-连锁

伴高钙尿症的遗传性低血磷性佝偻病

低血磷性佝偻病:肿瘤诱发性

撰稿人

作者

Carlos Palacio, MD, MPH, FACP
Carlos Palacio

Professor of Medicine

Associate Program Director

Internal Medicine Residency

Department of Medicine

University of Florida College of Medicine

Jacksonville

FL

利益声明

CP declares that he has no competing interests.

Firas Warda, MD

Endocrinology Fellow

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism

Department of Medicine

University of Florida College of Medicine

Jacksonville

FL

利益声明

FW declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Professor Carols Palacio and Dr Firas Warda would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Robert Olney, a previous contributor to this topic.

利益声明

RO declares that he has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Phil Fischer, MD

Professor of Pediatrics

Mayo Clinic

Rochester

MN

利益声明

PF declares that he has no competing interests.

Zulf Mughal, MD

Consultant in Paediatric Bone Disorders

Department of Paediatric Endocrinology

Royal Manchester Children's Hospital

UK

利益声明

No disclosures

Arshag Mooradian, MD

Professor of Medicine

University of Florida College of Medicine

Jacksonville

FL

利益声明

AM declares that he has no competing interests.

内容使用需遵循免责声明