小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在危险因素
- 峰形热
- 颈痛或斜颈
- 吞咽痛
- 吞咽困难
- 颈部肿胀/肿块/淋巴结肿大
- 口咽部肿胀
- 流涎
其他诊断因素
- 饮食摄入减少
- 厌食
- 不适感
- 易激惹
- 张口困难
- 发声困难
- 呼吸困难
- 疲劳
- 睡眠呼吸暂停
- 喘鸣
- 扁桃体肿大
- 呼吸频率增加
- 氧饱和度下降
- 发绀
- 呼吸急促
- 气管牵拽
- 肋间凹陷
危险因素
- 异物摄入
- 咽后壁创伤
- 龋齿/感染
- 糖尿病
- 男性
- 腺样体扁桃体切除术
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
- 红细胞沉降率
- 颈部 CT 增强造影
- 颈部 X 线检查
- 颈部超声检查
- 麻醉状态下检查 (EUA)
- 培养
治疗流程
气道不畅
无气道不畅
撰稿人
作者
Carl Philpott, MB ChB, FRCS (ORL-HNS) DLO, MD, PGCME
Consultant in ENT & Rhinology
James Paget University Hospital
Great Yarmouth
UK
利益声明
CP is an advisory board member for GSK, Sanofi, and Stryker. He has received grants from NIHR and is a trustee of Fifth Sense. CP is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Kala Kumaresan, MBBS, MRCS (ENT)
Clinical Research Fellow
Department of ENT
James Paget University Hospital
Norwich
UK
利益声明
KK declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Professor Carl Philpott and Dr Kala Kumaresan would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Kristian Hutson, Dr Lorna Langstaff, Dr Asad Qayyum, Dr Kevin Kulendra, Dr Cameron Davies-Husband, and Dr Marcos Martinez Del Pero, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
KH, LL, AQ, KK, CDH, and MMDP declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
Remco de Bree, MD, PhD
Otolaryngologist
Head and Neck Surgeon
VU University Medical Center
Amsterdam
The Netherlands
利益声明
RdB declares that he has no competing interests.
Michael Johns, MD
Director
Assistant Professor
Emory University
Atlanta
GA
利益声明
MJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Lynn Solomon, MD
Assistant Professor
Tufts University
Boston
MA
利益声明
LS declares that she has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 急性会厌炎
- 喉气管支气管炎
- 脑膜炎
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