小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 角膜浸润
- 角膜溃疡
- 树枝状或地图状上皮缺损
- 眼周皮肤病变
- 多灶性角膜溃疡伴羽毛状边缘
- 角膜神经周围炎
- 间质性角膜炎
其他诊断因素
- 眼红
- 疼痛
- 流泪增多
- 眼睑水肿
- 分泌物
- 视力下降
- 畏光
- 高眼压
- 单纯疱疹病毒或水痘带状疱疹病毒感染史
- 多个陈旧基质瘢痕
- 虹膜透照
- 角膜知觉减退
危险因素
- 接触镜配戴
- 角膜外伤
- 角膜擦伤/糜烂
- 倒睫
- 眼睑炎
- 干眼
- 眼睑功能不佳
- 既往的疱疹疾病
- 暴露性角膜炎
- 复发性角膜糜烂
- 污水接触
- 局部应用皮质类固醇
- 局部应用麻醉药
- 既往眼部手术史
- 免疫功能低下
- 自身免疫性疾病史
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 角膜刮片:涂片显微镜下观察
- 角膜刮片:微生物培养和药物敏感试验
需考虑的检查
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
- HIV 检查
- 自身免疫检测
- 角膜刮片:聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测
治疗流程
细菌(假定):高风险
细菌
疱疹性
真菌
原虫(棘阿米巴)
非感染性角膜炎
复发性疱疹感染
角膜瘢痕形成造成视力损伤
撰稿人
作者
Kraig S. Bower, MD
Director of Refractive Surgery
The Wilmer Eye Institute
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
KSB declares that he has no competing interests.
Frank S. Hwang, MD
Assistant Professor
Cornea, External Disease and Refractive Surgery
Loma Linda University Eye Institute
Loma Linda University
Loma Linda
CA
利益声明
FSH declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Kraig S. Bower and Dr Frank S. Hwang would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Julie Freidlin Leigh, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
JFL declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Matilda Chan, MD, PhD
Proctor Fellow in Cornea and External Disease
Francis I. Proctor Foundation
University of California
San Francisco
CA
利益声明
MC declares that she has no competing interests.
Parwez Hossain, MD, PhD, FRCOphth, FRCS (Ed)
Senior Lecturer & Consultant
Ophthalmic Surgeon
Division of Infection, Inflammation & Immunity
University of Southampton
Southampton General Hospital
Southampton
UK
利益声明
PH declares that he has no competing interests.
内容使用需遵循免责声明