通常表现为进行性、危及生命的慢性或亚急性脑膜炎
最常发生于免疫抑制个体，并常伴有全身系统受累
脑脊液（cerebrospinal fluid, CSF）通常表现为脑脊液淋巴细胞增多、蛋白水平升高及葡萄糖水平偏低的情况
真菌性脑膜炎中最常见的类型是由新型隐球菌引起的
临床上需尽快明确病原体以指导抗真菌治疗
并发症包含癫痫、脑梗死、脑积水、不伴脑积水的脑脊液压力升高
脑膜炎是一种软脑膜炎性疾病。所有主要的真菌病原体均能够引发脑膜炎。随着因药物治疗及 HIV 感染而产生免疫抑制的患者人数的增多，世界范围内真菌性脑膜炎发病率也在不断增加。本主题将着重对隐球菌性、组织细胞浆菌性、球孢子菌性及念珠菌性脑膜炎进行讨论。[1]Kravitz GR, Davies SF, Eckman MR, et al. Chronic blastomycotic meningitis. Am J Med. 1981 Sep;71(3):501-5.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7282737?tool=bestpractice.com
[2]Harley WB, Lomis M, Haas DW. Marked polymorphonuclear pleocytosis due to blastomycotic meningitis: a case report and review. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 May;18(5):816-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8075280?tool=bestpractice.com
[3]Scott EN, Kaufman L, Brown AC, et al. Serologic studies in the diagnosis and management of meningitis due to Sporothrix schenckii. N Engl J Med. 1987 Oct 8;317(15):935-40.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3306388?tool=bestpractice.com
[4]Salaki JS, Louria DB, Chmel H. Fungal and yeast infections of the central nervous system. A clinical review. Medicine (Baltimore). 1984 Mar;63(2):108-32.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6366452?tool=bestpractice.com
[5]Ellner JJ, Bennett JE. Chronic meningitis. Medicine (Baltimore). 1976 Sep;55(5):341-69.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/957996?tool=bestpractice.com
[6]Gottfredsson M, Perfect JR. Fungal meningitis. Semin Neurol. 2000;20(3):307-22.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11051295?tool=bestpractice.com
