听力损失评估

最后审阅: 1 Nov 2024
最后更新: 05 Oct 2023

小结

鉴别诊断

常见

  • 耵聍栓塞
  • 异物
  • 良性肿瘤(如外生骨疣、骨瘤、息肉)
  • 无并发症的外耳道炎
  • 急性中耳炎
  • 分泌性中耳炎
  • 胆脂瘤
  • 迷路炎
  • 噪声相关性听力损失
  • 外耳道外伤
  • 脑膜炎并发症
  • 卒中
  • 老年性聋
完整详情

不常见

  • 外耳道新生物
  • 坏死性外耳道炎
  • 鼓膜穿孔
  • 颞骨骨折
  • 独立的发育异常
  • 先天性听力损失
  • Alport 综合征
  • Jervell Lange-Nielsen综合征
  • 颅面部畸形(如Pierre Robin综合征,Crouzon综合征, Apert综合征)
  • Waardenburg 综合征
  • 听神经瘤(前庭神经鞘瘤)
  • 血管球瘤
  • 巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染
  • 弓形虫感染
  • 梅毒感染
  • 佩吉特病
  • 系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)
  • 肉芽肿性多血管炎(之前被称为韦格纳肉芽肿)
  • 糖尿病
  • 成骨不全症
  • 椎动脉夹层
  • 多发性硬化(Multiple sclerosis,MS)
  • Arnold-Chiari畸形
  • 听神经病
  • 特发性突发感音神经性听力损失
  • 耳毒性药物
  • 梅尼埃病
  • 新生儿高胆红素血症
  • 耳硬化症
  • 自身免疫性内耳疾病
  • 外淋巴瘘
完整详情

撰稿人

作者

Seth R. Schwartz, MD, MPH

Otolaryngologist (Otology/Neurotology)

Department of Otolaryngology

Virginia Mason Medical Center

Medical Director

The Listen for Life Center at Virginia Mason

Seattle

WA

利益声明

SRS is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

鸣谢

Dr S.R. Schwartz would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr S.J. Marzo, Dr J.P. Leonetti, and Dr R.J. Buckingham, previous contributors to this topic. SJM, JPL, and RJB declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议者

Alan Micco, MD, FACS

Assistant Professor

Department of Otolaryngology

Department of Neurosurgery

Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Chicago

IL

利益声明

AM declares that he has no competing interests.

George Browning, MD ChB FRCS (Ed & Glasg)

Professor of Otorhinolaryngology

MRC Institute of Hearing Research

Glasgow

UK

利益声明

GB is an author of several books that include discussion of evaluation of hearing loss.

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