小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 创伤暴露与反应
- 侵入性症状
- 回避症状
- 认知和心境的负性改变
- 唤起及反应性的改变
其他诊断因素
- 抑郁症
- 酒精或物质滥用
- 焦虑
危险因素
- 严重事故
- 目睹校园暴力或家庭暴力
- 自然灾害
- 恐怖袭击
- 刑讯逼供
- 参战
- 外伤性脑损伤
- 挚爱突然死亡
- 骚扰
- 强奸
- 遭到袭击者伤害
- 既往创伤
- 多个重大生活应激源
- 社会支持程度低
- 精神障碍病史
- 吸毒和酒精滥用史
- 女性
- 较小的年龄
诊断性检查
首要检查
- PTSD 列表
- DSM-5 的 PTSD 检查表 (PCL-5)
- 事件影响量表 (IES-R)
- 戴维森创伤量表 (DTS)
- 创伤筛查问卷 (TSQ)
- SPAN
需考虑的检查
- 临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 (CAPS)
- 临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本（CAPS-5）
- DSM-IV 中针对轴 I（的精神障碍）的定式临床访谈（SCID PTSD 模块）
- 创伤后应激障碍症状量表-访谈版（PSS-I）
治疗流程
非妊娠或哺乳期
妊娠或母乳喂养妇女
撰稿人
作者
Stanley Zammit, MA, BM BCh, MRCPsych, PhD
Professor of Psychiatric Epidemiology
Centre for Academic Mental Health
School of Social and Community Medicine
University of Bristol
Bristol
Clinical Senior Lecturer & Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences
Cardiff University
Cardiff
UK
利益声明
SZ declares that he has no competing interests.
Mathew Hoskins, MBBCh, MSc, MRCPsych
Consultant Psychiatrist and Clinical Teaching Fellow
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences
School of Medicine
Cardiff University
Cardiff
Wales
利益声明
MH is an author of references cited in this topic.
Catrin Lewis, BSc, PhD
Research Associate
National Centre for Mental Health
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences
School of Medicine
Cardiff University
Cardiff
Wales
利益声明
CL declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Stanley Zammit, Dr Mathew Hoskins, and Dr Catrin Lewis would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Neil P. Roberts, Dr Jonathan I. Bisson, and Dr Steve Wood, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
NPR is a member of the research team that developed a web-based guided self-help programme to treat PTSD. NPR has also received grant funding for research related to PTSD and undertaken systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials, and other research in the traumatic stress field that may be referred to in this work. JIB and SW declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
Mort Rubinstein, MD
Deputy Associate Chief of Staff
Mental Health
VA New York Harbor Healthcare System
Clinical Associate Professor
New York University School of Medicine
New York
NY
利益声明
MR declares that he has no competing interests.
Neil Greenberg, MD, MRCPsych
Surgeon Commander
Royal Navy
Defence Professor of Mental Health, Visiting Professor of Psychiatry, and Co-Director
Academic Centre for Defence Mental Health
King's College London
London
UK
利益声明
NG has been principal investigator on studies with research funding greater than 6 figures USD. NG is a director of a company providing early intervention training for traumatic stress (the company does not provide PTSD treatment services).
鉴别诊断
- 抑郁
- 特定恐怖症
- 惊恐障碍
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 创伤后应激障碍
- 创伤后应激障碍
更多 指南患者教育信息
Post-traumatic stress disorder: what is it?
Post-traumatic stress disorder: what treatments work?
更多 患者教育信息
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