When viewing this topic in a different language, you may notice some differences in the way the content is structured, but it still reflects the latest evidence-based guidance.

创伤后应激障碍

最后审阅: 10 Nov 2024
最后更新: 28 Feb 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 创伤暴露与反应
  • 侵入性症状
  • 回避症状
  • 认知和心境的负性改变
  • 唤起及反应性的改变
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 抑郁症
  • 酒精或物质滥用
  • 焦虑
完整详情

危险因素

  • 严重事故
  • 目睹校园暴力或家庭暴力
  • 自然灾害
  • 恐怖袭击
  • 刑讯逼供
  • 参战
  • 外伤性脑损伤
  • 挚爱突然死亡
  • 骚扰
  • 强奸
  • 遭到袭击者伤害
  • 既往创伤
  • 多个重大生活应激源
  • 社会支持程度低
  • 精神障碍病史
  • 药物和酒精滥用史
  • 女性
  • 较小的年龄
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • DSM-5 的 PTSD 检查表 (PCL-5)
  • 创伤筛查问卷 (TSQ)
  • 创伤后诊断量表(PDS-5)
  • 国际创伤问卷(ITQ)
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 临床用创伤后应激障碍诊断量表 DSM-5 版本(CAPS-5)
  • 依据 DSM-5 的 PTSD 症状访谈量表(PSS-I-5)
  • 国际创伤访谈(ITI)
完整详情

治疗流程

持续性治疗

非妊娠或哺乳期

妊娠或母乳喂养妇女

撰稿人

作者

Mathew Hoskins, MBBCh, MSc, MRCPsych

Consultant Psychiatrist

Cardiff and Vale University Health Board

Cardiff

Wales

利益声明

MH is an author of references cited in this topic.

Catrin Lewis, BSc, PhD

Research Associate

National Centre for Mental Health

Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences

School of Medicine

Cardiff University

Cardiff

Wales

利益声明

CL is an author of references cited in this topic.

鸣谢

Dr Mathew Hoskins, and Dr Catrin Lewis would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Stanley Zammit, Dr Neil P. Roberts, Dr Jonathan I. Bisson, and Dr Steve Wood, previous contributors to this topic.

同行评议者

Mort Rubinstein, MD

Deputy Associate Chief of Staff

Mental Health

VA New York Harbor Healthcare System

Clinical Associate Professor

New York University School of Medicine

New York

NY

利益声明

MR declares that he has no competing interests.

Neil Greenberg, MD, MRCPsych

Surgeon Commander

Royal Navy

Defence Professor of Mental Health, Visiting Professor of Psychiatry, and Co-Director

Academic Centre for Defence Mental Health

King's College London

London

UK

利益声明

NG has been principal investigator on studies with research funding greater than 6 figures USD. NG is a director of a company providing early intervention training for traumatic stress (the company does not provide PTSD treatment services).

  • 创伤后应激障碍 images
  • 鉴别诊断

    • 抑郁
    • 特定恐怖症
    • 惊恐障碍
    更多 鉴别诊断
  • 指南

    • 《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第 5 版文本修订版(DSM-5-TR)
    • 针对急性创伤患者心理健康障碍与物质使用和滥用的筛查与干预
    更多 指南
  • 患者教育信息

    何为创伤后应激障碍?

    创伤后应激障碍:如何有效治疗?

    更多 患者教育信息
  • padlock-locked登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容

内容使用需遵循免责声明