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戒烟

最后审阅: 26 Nov 2024
最后更新: 09 Apr 2024

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 每日吸烟量
  • 至吸第一支烟时间(TTFC) ≤30分钟或>30分钟
  • 使用替代烟草和尼古丁递送产品
  • 物质使用障碍(SUD)既往史
  • 妊娠或哺乳
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 抑郁史
  • 精神分裂症病史
  • 癫痫
  • 高血压
  • 不稳定性心脏疾病
  • 室性心律失常
  • 哮喘
  • 颞下颌关节或牙科疾病
完整详情

危险因素

  • 吸烟者
  • 使用替代烟草和尼古丁递送产品
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 自报吸烟状况
  • 可替宁水平
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

住院的主动吸烟者

持续性治疗

准备戒烟的主动吸烟者:成人(不存在妊娠、母乳喂养、抑郁或物质使用障碍)

准备戒烟的主动吸烟者:成人(妊娠、哺乳、青少年)

主动吸烟者准备戒烟:抑郁和戒烟

准备戒烟的主动吸烟者:物质使用障碍和戒烟

主动吸烟者没有准备戒烟

无烟雾性烟草使用者

撰稿人

作者

Franck F. Rahaghi, MD, MHS, FCCP

Chairman

Pulmonary Department

Director

Pulmonary Education and Rehabilitation

Cleveland Clinic

Weston

FL

利益声明

FFR is a consultant and speaker for Bayer, United Therapeutics, Janssen-PH, Merck, Boehringer Ingleheim, Takeda, and Talecris. He is involved in industry-sponsored research with Bayer, Janssen-PH, Gossamer Bio, and Bellerophon.

Samuel Gurevich, MD, FCCP

Pulmonary Department

Director

Respiratory Therapy

Cleveland Clinic

Weston

FL

利益声明

SG declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Franck F. Rahaghi and Dr Samuael Gurevich would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Felix Hernandez, Dr Jose Gonzalez, and Dr Theodore W. Marcy, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

FH, JG, and TWM declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议者

William Wadland, MD, MS

Professor and Chair

Department of Family Medicine

Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs and Development

College of Human Medicine

Michigan State University

East Lansing

MI

利益声明

WW declares that he has no competing interests.

Charles J. Bentz, MD, FACP

Medical Director

Tobacco Cessation and Prevention

Providence St. Vincent Hospital and Medical Center

Portland

OR

利益声明

CJB declares that he has no competing interests.

Fei-Ran Guo, MD

Department of Family Medicine

National Taiwan University Hospital

Taipei

Taiwan

利益声明

FRG received a grant from Pfizer, the manufacturer of varenicline, for one of the 3rd phase clinical trials of varenicline. FRG has also been reimbursed by Pfizer, Novartis (the manufacturer of nicotine patch), and GSK (the manufacturer of bupropion SR and nicotine lozenge), for attending conferences, and receiving fees for giving speeches on smoking cessation.

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