小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 使用无减压作用的支撑面
- 局部区域受压后发生皮肤改变
- 受压区域的开放性表浅伤口或组织缺损
- 受压区域的全层伤口，伴或不伴潜行（窦道）
- 受压区域的全层伤口，累及主要组织，伴或不伴潜行（窦道）（常见）
- 伤口周围局限性压痛和发热
- 渗出增加和/或异味
危险因素
- 丧失活动能力
- 感觉受损
- 老年
- 手术
- 重症监护
- 营养不良
- 既往压力性溃疡病史
- 环境因素
- 大便失禁或尿失禁
- 糖尿病
- 外周血管疾病
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 临床诊断
需考虑的检查
- 伤口拭子
- 红细胞沉降率 (ESR)
- 白细胞 (WBC)
- 血清葡萄糖
- 深部组织活检
- 核磁共振成像 (MRI)
治疗流程
所有患者
撰稿人
作者
Dan R. Berlowitz, MD
Professor; Department of Public Health
University of Massachusetts-Lowell
Lowell
MA
利益声明
DRB declares that he has no competing interests. DRB is the author of a number of references cited in this topic.
鸣谢
Dr Dan R. Berlowitz would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Madhuri Reddy and Dr Stephen Thomas, the previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
MR is the author of a number of references cited in this topic. ST declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Jane Deng, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Los Angeles
CA
利益声明
JD declares that she has no competing interests.
Keith Harding, FRCGP, FRCP, FRCS
Sub Dean of Innovation & Engagement
Head of Section of Wound Healing
School of Medicine
Cardiff University
Cardiff
UK
利益声明
KH has worked in the area of wound healing for many years and has helped establish and sustain a section of wound healing in a university medical school. The school is entirely self-funded and receives funding from a wide range of commercial concerns in addition to the NHS and grant-giving bodies. The funding is provided to the University rather than to KH personally, and this funding is used to provide sustainability for a wide range of individuals employed within this section.
鉴别诊断
- 潮湿相关性皮炎
- 静脉性溃疡
- 动脉性溃疡
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 压力性溃疡的预防和管理
- 压力性溃疡/损伤的预防和治疗：临床实践指南
更多 指南患者教育信息
Pressure sores
更多 患者教育信息医学计算器
压疮风险分级 Norton 量表
更多 医学计算器
登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
内容使用需遵循免责声明