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急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS)

最后审阅: 10 Nov 2024
最后更新: 24 Oct 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 低血氧饱和度
  • 急性呼吸衰竭
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 危重患者
  • 呼吸困难
  • 呼吸频率增加
  • 肺部捻发音
  • 肺顺应性降低
  • 发热、咳嗽、胸膜炎性胸痛
  • 泡沫样痰
完整详情

危险因素

  • 脓毒症
  • 误吸
  • 肺炎
  • 严重创伤
  • 输血
  • 肺移植
  • 胰腺炎
  • 酒精滥用史
  • 烧伤和烟雾吸入
  • 淹溺
  • 电子烟和电子雾化产品的使用
  • 药物过量
  • 吸烟
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 胸部 X 线检查
  • 动脉血气
  • 痰培养
  • 血培养
  • 尿液培养
  • 淀粉酶和脂肪酶
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 脑利钠肽 (BNP)
  • 超声心动图
  • 肺动脉导管术
  • 支气管肺泡灌洗或气管内抽吸物
  • 胸部CT扫描
  • 病毒检测
  • 开胸肺活组织检查
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

所有患者

撰稿人

作者

Lorraine Ware, MD
Lorraine Ware

Professor of Medicine and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology

Director

Vanderbilt Medical Scholars Program

Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

Department of Medicine

Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Nashville

TN

利益声明

LW has received research contract support from CSL Behring, Boehringer Ingelheim and Genentech. She has received consulting fees and/or scientific advisory board fees from CSL Behring, Merck, Foresee, Citius, and Boehringer Ingelheim.

鸣谢

Dr Lorraine Ware would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Richard Fremont, a previous contributor to this topic.

利益声明

RF declares that he has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Michael A. Matthay, MD

Director of Medicine Critical Care Fellowship

Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care

University of California San Francisco

CA

利益声明

MAM declares that he has no competing interests.

Timothy Evans, MBBS

Professor of Intensive Care Medicine

Royal Brompton Hospital

London

UK

利益声明

TE declares that he has no competing interests.

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