小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 疼痛、肿胀、排脓(急性)
- 甲襞肿胀流脓(急性)
- 甲板不规则(慢性)
- 甲襞肿胀/发红(慢性)
- 甲襞粉红肿胀(慢性)
- 角质层缺失(慢性)
- 潜在的甲板异常(慢性)
危险因素
- 甲襞微观或宏观受伤(急性)
- 职业风险(急性和慢性)
- 甲襞、角质层屏障破坏(慢性)
- 嵌甲
- 化疗药物
- 儿童和成人
- 女性
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 拭子进行革兰染色、培养和药敏实验(急性或慢性感染急性发作)
- Tzanck涂片(急性、疱疹性)
需考虑的检查
- 氢氧化钾测试或真菌培养(慢性)
- X 光
- 核磁共振成像 (MRI)
- 皮肤/骨骼活检
治疗流程
急性甲沟炎
慢性甲沟炎
逆生性趾/指甲
撰稿人
作者
Shirin Zaheri, MBBS, BSc, MRCP
Dermatology Consultant
Charing Cross Hospital
Imperial College NHS Trust
London
UK
利益声明
SZ declares that she has no competing interests.
Khawar Hussain, BSc, MRCP, FHEA
Specialty Registrar in Dermatology
Charing Cross Hospital
Imperial College NHS Trust
London
UK
利益声明
KH declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Shirin Zaheri and Dr Khawar Hussain would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Catherine Hardman, Dr Nathaniel J. Jellinek, Professor C. Ralph Daniel III, and Dr Shaimaa Nassar, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
NJJ, CH, and SN declare that they have no competing interests. CRD is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
同行评议者
Ravi Ubriani, MD, FAAD
Assistant Professor of Clinical Dermatology
Columbia University
New York
NY
利益声明
RU declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 疱疹性瘭疽
- 节肢动物咬伤或叮伤
- 创伤性损伤
更多 鉴别诊断患者教育信息
Dermatitis
Fungal nail infections
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