When viewing this topic in a different language, you may notice some differences in the way the content is structured, but it still reflects the latest evidence-based guidance.

气胸

ბოლო მიმოხილვა: 13 Feb 2025
ბოლო განახლება: 25 Jul 2019

შეჯამება

განსაზღვრება

ანამნეზი და გასინჯვა

ძირითადი დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 胸痛
  • 呼吸困难
  • 同侧胸廓过度膨胀
  • 同侧胸廓过清音
  • 同侧呼吸音减弱或消失
  • 极度呼吸困难
  • 气管移向对侧
სრული ტექსტი

რისკფაქტორები

  • 吸烟
  • 气胸家族史
  • 身材高瘦的体型
  • 年龄<40 岁
  • 近期接受过创伤性手术
  • 胸部外伤
  • 急性重症哮喘
  • 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)
  • 结核
  • AIDS 相关的卡氏肺囊虫感染
  • 囊性纤维化。
  • 淋巴管肌瘤病
  • 马方综合征
  • 高胱氨酸尿
  • 原发性肺癌和向肺部转移的癌症
  • Birt-Hogg-Dube 综合征
  • 肺部朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增多症
  • Erdheim-Chester 病
სრული ტექსტი

დიაგნოსტიკური კვლევები

1-ად შესაკვეთი გამოკვლევები

  • 胸部 X 线检查
სრული ტექსტი

გასათვალისწინებელი კვლევები

  • 胸部 CT
  • 胸腔超声
  • 支气管镜检查
სრული ტექსტი

მკურნალობის ალგორითმი

საწყისი

张力性气胸

მწვავე

原发性自发性气胸和≤50 岁的患者

继发性自发性气胸或者>50 岁的患者

月经性气胸

创伤性气胸

阻塞性肺不张后气胸

კონტრიბუტორები

ავტორები

Lonny Yarmus, DO, MBA

Associate Professor of Medicine and Oncology

Clinical Director, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care

Director, Interventional Pulmonology Research Core

Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions

Baltimore

MD

გაფრთხილება:

LY has received research grants and consulting fees from Olympus, Inc, the manufacturer of the Spiration intrabronchial valve.

Jason Akulian, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Director, Interventional Pulmonology

Carolina Center for Pleural Disease

University of North Carolina

Chapel Hill

NC

Disclosures

JA declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Lonny Yarmus and Dr Jason Akulian would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ryland P. Byrd Jr, Dr Thomas M. Roy, and Dr Anita Alwani, previous contributors to this topic.

Disclosures

RPB, TMR, and AA declare that they have no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Marc Noppen, MD

Professor and Chief Executive Officer of Respiratory Division

Interventional Endoscopy Clinic

University Hospital Brussels

Brussels

Belgium

Disclosures

MN declares that he has no competing interests.

Steve A. Sahn, MD

Professor of Medicine

Division of Pulmonary Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine

Medical University of South Carolina

Charleston

SC

Disclosures

SAS declares that he has no competing interests.

  • 气胸 images
  • Differentials

    • 哮喘急性发作
    • COPD 急性加重
    • 肺栓塞
    More Differentials
  • Guidelines

    • 创伤性气胸和血胸的管理
    • ERS 工作组声明:原发性自发性气胸的诊断和治疗
    More Guidelines
  • Patient information

    Pneumothorax

    Chest drain insertion

    More Patient information
  • Videos

    张力性气胸空针减压 (needle decompression) 动画演示

    采用 Seldinger 技术插入肋间引流管的动画演示

    More videos
  • padlock-lockedLog in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer