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甲型禽流感 (H7N9) 病毒感染

最后审阅: 1 Nov 2024
最后更新: 10 Aug 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 咳嗽
  • 流感样疾病
  • 呼吸困难
  • 发热
  • 呼吸音减弱
  • 呼吸急促
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 呕吐、腹泻
  • 意识状态改变
完整详情

危险因素

  • 亚洲谱系 A 型(H7N9) 病毒的环境暴露
  • 与感染者密切接触
  • 接触 A 型(H7N9) 病毒的实验室工作人员
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • FBC 和分类计数
  • 肝功能检查 (LFT)
  • 胸部 X 线检查
  • 脉搏血氧测量测定法
  • 痰液革兰氏染色
  • 痰菌培养和血培养
  • 逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR)
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 病毒培养
完整详情

治疗流程

初步治疗

确诊或拟诊病例的密切接触者

急症处理

疑似、拟诊或确诊感染

撰稿人

作者

Jake Dunning, BSc (Hons), MBBS, MRCP, PhD

Consultant and Honorary Clinical Associate Professor in Infectious Diseases and High Consequence Infectious Diseases

Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust

London

UK

利益声明

JD declares that he has no competing interests.

Timothy M. Uyeki, MD, MPH, MPP

Chief Medical Officer

Influenza Division

National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Atlanta

GA

利益声明

TMU was a member of the Guideline Development Group for the World Health Organization Standard Guidance for the Clinical Management of Severe Influenza in 2017-2019, with recommendations posted by the World Health Organization in 2022. TMU was a co-chair for the Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza, which published in 2019. He is also the author of several papers cited in this topic.

鸣谢

Dr Jake Dunning and Dr Timothy M. Uyeki would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Justin R. Ortiz, a previous contributor to this topic.

利益声明

JRO is a member of the International Council on Adult Immunization and the scientific community for the Global Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network.

同行评议者

Rob Fowler, MDCM, MSc

Senior Scientist

Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

Toronto

Ontario

Canada

利益声明

RF declares that he has no competing interests.

Nelson Lee, MD, FRCP(Lond.), FRCP(Edin.)

Professor

Division of Infectious Diseases

Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry

University of Alberta

Edmonton

Alberta

Canada

利益声明

NL declares that he has no competing interests.

Michael Ison, MD, MS

Professor

Division of Infectious Diseases

Division of Organ Transplantation

Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Chicago

IL

利益声明

MI declares that he received research support, paid to Northwestern University, from Beckman Coulter, Chimerix, and Gilead; is a paid consultant for Celltrion, Chimerix, Farmark, Genentech/Roche, Toyama/MediVector, Seqirus, and Shionogi; and is a member of the DSMB for GlaxoSmithKline and Shionogi.

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