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Avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection

Last reviewed: 17 Aug 2025
Last updated: 10 Aug 2023

Summary

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • cough
  • influenza-like illness
  • dyspnea
  • fever
  • decreased breath sounds
  • tachypnea
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • vomiting, diarrhea
  • altered mental status
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • environmental exposure to Asian lineage A(H7N9) virus
  • close contact with infected humans
  • laboratory work with A(H7N9) virus
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • CBC with differential
  • LFTs
  • chest x-ray
  • pulse oximetry
  • sputum Gram stain
  • sputum and blood bacterial culture
  • reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • viral culture
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Inicial

close contact of confirmed or probable case

Agudo

suspected or probable or confirmed infection

Colaboradores

Autores

Jake Dunning, BSc (Hons), MBBS, MRCP, PhD

Consultant and Honorary Clinical Associate Professor in Infectious Diseases and High Consequence Infectious Diseases

Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust

London

UK

Divulgaciones

JD declares that he has no competing interests.

Timothy M. Uyeki, MD, MPH, MPP

Chief Medical Officer

Influenza Division

National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Atlanta

GA

Divulgaciones

TMU was a member of the Guideline Development Group for the World Health Organization Standard Guidance for the Clinical Management of Severe Influenza in 2017-2019, with recommendations posted by the World Health Organization in 2022. TMU was a co-chair for the Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza, which published in 2019. He is also the author of several papers cited in this topic.

Agradecimientos

Dr Jake Dunning and Dr Timothy M. Uyeki would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Justin R. Ortiz, a previous contributor to this topic.

Divulgaciones

JRO is a member of the International Council on Adult Immunization and the scientific community for the Global Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network.

Revisores por pares

Rob Fowler, MDCM, MSc

Senior Scientist

Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

Toronto

Ontario

Canada

Divulgaciones

RF declares that he has no competing interests.

Nelson Lee, MD, FRCP(Lond.), FRCP(Edin.)

Professor

Division of Infectious Diseases

Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry

University of Alberta

Edmonton

Alberta

Canada

Divulgaciones

NL declares that he has no competing interests.

Michael Ison, MD, MS

Professor

Division of Infectious Diseases

Division of Organ Transplantation

Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Chicago

IL

Divulgaciones

MI declares that he received research support, paid to Northwestern University, from Beckman Coulter, Chimerix, and Gilead; is a paid consultant for Celltrion, Chimerix, Farmark, Genentech/Roche, Toyama/MediVector, Seqirus, and Shionogi; and is a member of the DSMB for GlaxoSmithKline and Shionogi.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance on testing and specimen collection for patients with suspected infection with novel influenza A viruses with the potential to cause severe disease in humans. Jun 2023 [internet publication]​.Texto completo

UK Health Security Agency. Avian influenza: guidance, data and analysis. Jun 2023 [internet publication]​.Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance for infection control within healthcare settings when caring for confirmed cases, probable cases, and cases under investigation for infection with novel influenza A viruses associated with severe disease. Mar 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance on follow-up of close contacts of persons infected with novel influenza A viruses and use of antiviral medications for chemoprophylaxis. Mar 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance on influenza antiviral chemoprophylaxis of persons exposed to birds with avian influenza A viruses associated with severe human disease or with the potential to cause severe human disease. Mar 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

World Health Organization. Guidelines for the clinical management of severe illness from influenza virus infections. 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance on the use of antiviral medications for treatment of human infections with novel influenza A viruses associated with severe human disease. Mar 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
  • Diferenciales

    • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
    • Community-acquired pneumonia
    • Atypical pneumonia
    Más Diferenciales
  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • Interim guidance on testing and specimen collection for patients with suspected infection with novel influenza A viruses with the potential to cause severe disease in humans
    • Avian influenza: guidance, data and analysis
    Más Guías de práctica clínica
  • Folletos para el paciente

    Flu

    Pneumonia

    Más Folletos para el paciente
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