小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 苍白
- 瘀癍或瘀点
其他诊断因素
- 乏力
- 头晕
- 心悸
- 呼吸困难
- 感染或发热
- 淋巴结肿大
- 肝脾肿大
- 黏膜出血
- 皮肤或睾丸肿块
- 皮肤浸润
- 牙龈肿大
- 骨痛
- 皮肤绿色瘤
- 腹痛
危险因素
- 65 岁以上
- 既往化疗
- 既往血液系统疾病
- 遗传性疾病
- 体质性染色体异常
- 放射暴露
- 苯暴露
- 环境暴露
- 男性
诊断性检查
首要检查
- FBC 和分类计数
- 外周血涂片
- 凝血检查组合
- 血清电解质和尿酸
- 肾功能
- 肝功能检查 (LFT)
- 血清乳酸脱氢酶
- 骨髓评估
- 细胞遗传学和分子学检查
需考虑的检查
- 腰椎穿刺:
- 人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 分型
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 超声心动图
- 放射性核素造影
治疗流程
新诊断的 AML:适合标准剂量强化化疗
新诊断的 AML:不适合标准剂量强化化疗
新诊断的非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APML)
新诊断的高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APML)
完全缓解:AML
完全缓解:非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APML)
完全缓解:高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APML)
复发或难治性 AML
复发或难治性急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APML)
撰稿人
作者
Kavita Raj, MD, MRCP, FRCPath, PhD
Consultant Haematologist
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust
London
UK
利益声明
KR declares that she has no competing interests.
Priyanka Mehta, MD, FRCP, FRCPath
Consultant Haematologist
University Hospital Bristol
Bristol
UK
利益声明
PM is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
同行评议者
Vijaya Raj Bhatt, MBBS, MS
Associate Professor
Section Leader, Malignant Hematology
University of Nebraska Medical Center Division of Hematology-Oncology
Nebraska
NE
利益声明
VRB has participated in a Safety Monitoring Committee for Protagonist Therapeutics. He has received consulting fees from Imugene; research funding (institutional) from Abbvie, Pfizer, Incyte, Jazz, and NMDP; and drug support (institutional) from Chimerix for a trial.
Rebecca Connor, MD
Chief Fellow
Section of Hematology and Oncology
Department of Internal Medicine
Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center
Winston-Salem
NC
利益声明
RC declares that she has no competing interests.
Roger M. Lyons, MD, FACP
Clinical Professor of Medicine
University of Texas Health Science Center
San Antonio
Cancer Care Network of South Texas
San Antonio
TX
利益声明
RML declares that he has no competing interests.
Shankaranarayana Paneesha, MD, MRCP, FRCPath
Consultant Haematologist
Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation
Heartlands Hospital
Birmingham
UK
利益声明
SP declares that he has no competing interests.
David Marks, MD, MRCP, MRCPath
Professor of Haematology & Stem Cell Transplantation
Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine
University of Bristol
UK
利益声明
DM declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 急性淋巴细胞白血病
- 双表型白血病
- 骨髓增生异常综合征
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 疑似癌症:识别和转诊
- NCCN 指南:急性髓系白血病
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