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睾丸癌

最后审阅: 22 Nov 2024
最后更新: 07 Sep 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 20-34岁之间
  • 睾丸肿物
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 睾丸外症状
完整详情

危险因素

  • 隐睾症
  • 性腺发育不良
  • 睾丸癌家族史
  • 睾丸癌个人史
  • 睾丸萎缩
  • 白种人
  • HIV 感染
  • 化学致癌物和少精
  • 农村居民
  • 社会经济地位高
  • 腹股沟疝
  • 基因异常
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 睾丸彩色多普勒超声
  • 胸部 X 线检查(CXR)
  • CT扫描(腹部和盆腔)
  • 血清 β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(beta-hCG)
  • 血清甲胎蛋白
  • 血清乳酸脱氢酶
  • 睾丸切除术后睾丸肿物组织学检查
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 血清胎盘碱性磷酸酶
  • 血清 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(gamma-GT)
  • MRI扫描(腹部和盆腔)
  • 胸部 CT 扫描
完整详情

治疗流程

初步治疗

可疑睾丸肿块

急症处理

早期精原细胞瘤

早期非精原细胞瘤

持续性治疗

精原细胞瘤或非精原细胞瘤:晚期癌症/转移(IIC或III期)

精原细胞瘤或非精原细胞瘤:疾病复发

撰稿人

作者

Al B. Barqawi, MD, FRCS

Associate Professor of Surgery/Urology

Director of Prostate Cancer Fellowship Program

School of Medicine

University of Colorado Denver

Aurora

CO

利益声明

ABB declares that he has no competing interests.

Brandon Bernard, MD, FRCPC

Assistant Professor

University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine

University of Colorado Cancer Center

Aurora

CO

利益声明

BB declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Al B. Barqawi and Dr Brandon Bernard would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Elizabeth R. Kessler and Dr Thomas W. Flaig, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

ERK and TWF declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议者

Elisabeth Heath, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine and Oncology

Karmanos Cancer Institute

Wayne State University

Detroit

MI

利益声明

EH declares that she has no competing interests.

Gianfilippo Bertelli, MD, PhD, FRCP (Edin)

Consultant/Honorary Senior Lecturer in Medical Oncology

SW Wales Cancer Institute/Department of Oncology

Singleton Hospital

Sketty

Swansea

UK

利益声明

GB declares that he has no competing interests.

Emilio Porfiri, MD, PhD

Senior Lecturer in Medical Oncology

School of Cancer Sciences

University of Birmingham

Birmingham

UK

利益声明

EP declares that he has no competing interests.

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