小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 急性发作
- 鼻炎
- 咽痛
- 喷嚏
- 鼻后滴流
- 咳嗽
- 发热
- 非特异性咽部发红
- 鼻黏膜水肿/红斑
- 鼻孔和后咽脓性分泌物
- 脉搏和血压在正常范围内
其他诊断因素
- 不适感
- 肌痛
- 口臭
- 扁桃体发炎
危险因素
- 暴露于患病的个体
- 低龄
- 冬季
- 日间托儿所托管
- 暴露于吸烟或其他呼吸道刺激物
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 无初步检查
需考虑的检查
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
- 咽喉拭子
- 痰培养
- 嗜异性抗体试验
- C 反应蛋白 (CRP)
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 鼻窦 CT 扫描
- 病毒检测
治疗流程
所有患者
撰稿人
作者
Bruce Arroll, MBChB, PhD, FRNZCGP
Professor
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
利益声明
BA is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Timothy Kenealy, MBChB, PhD, FRNZCGP
Associate Professor of Integrated Care
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
University of Auckland
Auckland
New Zealand
利益声明
TK is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
同行评议者
Fatima Syed, MD, MSc
Associate Professor of Medicine
Duke University School of Medicine
Durham
NC
利益声明
FS declares that she has no competing interests.
Christopher Cates, MA, FRCGP
Senior Research Fellow
Division of Community Health Sciences
St. George's University of London
London
UK
利益声明
CC declares that he has no competing interests.
Christopher Del Mar, MA MB, BChir MD, FRACGP, FAFPHM
Professor
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine
Bond University
Queensland
Australia
利益声明
CDM declares that he has no competing interests.
An De Sutter, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care
Ghent University
Belgium
利益声明
ADS declares that she has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 枯草热（变应性鼻炎）
- 慢性鼻窦炎
- 扁桃体炎
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 咳嗽（急性）：抗菌药物处方
- 咽痛（急性）：抗微生物药物处方
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普通感冒
治疗儿童咳嗽与感冒
更多 患者教育信息医学计算器
咽喉疼痛（咽炎）评估和治疗标准 (McIsaac)
更多 医学计算器
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