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急性间歇性卟啉病

最后审阅: 21 Oct 2024
最后更新: 05 Sep 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 腹痛
  • 心动过速
  • 高血压
  • 深色或红色尿
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 恶心
  • 呕吐
  • 腹胀
  • 便秘
  • 排尿不畅和排尿困难
  • 四肢、背部和胸部疼痛
  • 近端肌肉无力
  • 痛觉过敏
  • 精神症状
  • 惊厥
  • 腹泻
  • 四肢轻瘫
  • 呼吸衰竭
完整详情

危险因素

  • 家族史
  • 女性
  • 药物
  • 孕酮水平升高
  • 热量或碳水化合物摄入量降低
  • 吸烟
  • 年龄 > 13 岁
  • 酒精
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 尿液胆色素原(porphobilinogen, PBG)和总卟啉
  • 血清 PBG
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • δ-氨基乙酰丙酸 (ALA)
  • 血浆总卟啉(包括血浆荧光扫描)
  • 高效液相色谱法测定 (HPLC) 尿卟啉
  • 粪便总卟啉(如果升高,用 HPLC 分离单个卟啉)。
  • 用 HPLC 法测定粪卟啉
  • 红细胞胆色素原脱氨酶活性
  • 胆色素原脱氨酶/羟甲基胆素合成酶的基因测序
  • 血清钠水平
  • 颅脑 CT 或 MRI
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

轻度急性发作

严重急性发作

持续性治疗

非周期性反复发作

女性频繁的周期性发作

药物疗法无效

撰稿人

作者

Gagan Sood, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Medicine and Surgery

Baylor College of Medicine

Houston

TX

利益声明

GS is an author of several references cited in this topic.

Karl E. Anderson, MD

Professor

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

University of Texas Medical Branch

Galveston

TX

利益声明

KEA reports receiving lecture fees, consulting fees, advisory board fees, and grants to the university from Alnylam, Recordati, Mitsubishi, and Disc Medicine. He is an author of several references cited in this topic.

同行评议者

Alexios Carayannopoulos, MD

Medical Director

Spine Center

Interventional Spine Physiatrist

Pain Medicine Specialist

Burlington

MA

利益声明

AC declares that he has no competing interests.

Kenneth E.L. McColl, MD, FRCP

Professor of Medical Sciences

Gardiner Institute

Western Infirmary

Glasgow

UK

利益声明

KELM declares that he has no competing interests.

Neville Pimstone, MD

Professor Emeritus of Medicine

Division of Gastroenterology

UC Davis Medical Group GI Unit

Sacramento

CA

利益声明

NP declares that he has no competing interests.

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