最后审阅： 25 十二月 2021
最后更新： 03 六月 2021

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 可能与麻疹患者有接触
  • 未接种或疫苗接种失败
  • 发热
  • 咳嗽
  • 鼻炎
  • 结膜炎
  • 科氏斑
  • 斑丘疹
更多 关键诊断因素

危险因素

  • 暴露于麻疹病毒
  • 无前期麻疹免疫接种
  • 对麻疹疫苗无反应
更多 危险因素

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 血清学麻疹特异性IgM和IgG（ELISA）检测
更多 首要检查

需考虑的检查

  • 麻疹特异性 IgG 的急性期和恢复期血清
  • 通过 PCR 检测麻疹 RNA
  • 荧光抗体法或PCR技术检测抗原
  • 从组织培养体系中分离病毒
更多 需考虑的检查

治疗流程

急症处理

所有患者

撰稿人

作者

Elizabeth Barnett, MD

Professor of Pediatrics

Boston University School of Medicine

Boston Medical Center

Boston

MA

利益声明

EB has received research grant funding from Pfizer for COVID-19, RSV and pneumococcal vaccine studies. She has received royalties writing for UptoDate (evaluation of newly arrived immigrants) and AAP (parasitic disease treatment).

同行评议者

Linda Nield, MD, FAAP

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

West Virginia University School of Medicine

Morgantown

WV

利益声明

LN is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

Aisha Sethi, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Associate Residency Program Director

University of Chicago

Chicago

IL

利益声明

AS declares that she has no competing interests.

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