小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 可能与麻疹患者有接触
- 未接种疫苗/未全程接种的个人
- 发热
- 咳嗽
- 鼻炎
- 结膜炎
- 科氏斑
- 斑丘疹
危险因素
- 暴露于麻疹病毒
- 无前期麻疹免疫接种
- 对麻疹疫苗无反应
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 血清学麻疹特异性IgM和IgG（ELISA）检测
- 口腔液
需考虑的检查
- 麻疹特异性 IgG 的急性期和恢复期血清
- 通过 PCR 检测麻疹 RNA
- 荧光抗体法或PCR技术检测抗原
- 从组织培养体系中分离病毒
治疗流程
所有患者
撰稿人
作者
Elizabeth Barnett, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Boston University School of Medicine
Boston Medical Center
Boston
MA
利益声明
EB receives clinical trial funds from Pfizer (COVID, PCV20, and RSV vaccines) and GSK (MMRV vaccine). She receives royalties from Elsevier (Immigrant Medicine), AAP (Nelson's antimicrobial therapy), and honoraria from AAP (Red Book). She participated in an Advisory Board (Sobi, RSV).
同行评议者
Sharon Nachman, MD
Professor of Pediatrics
Division Chief Pediatric Infectious Disease
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Stony Brook
NY
利益声明
SN declares that she has no competing interests.
Linda Nield, MD, FAAP
Professor of Pediatrics
West Virginia University School of Medicine
Morgantown
WV
利益声明
LN is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Aisha Sethi, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Associate Residency Program Director
University of Chicago
Chicago
IL
利益声明
AS declares that she has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 风疹
- 猩红热
- 细小病毒 B19
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 英国国家麻疹指南
- 爱尔兰免疫接种指南
更多 指南患者教育信息
麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹：我的孩子是否应当接种 MMR 疫苗？
更多 患者教育信息
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