中东呼吸综合征 (Middle East respiratory syndrome, MERS)

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) should be considered when a severe respiratory illness occurs in the 2 weeks following residence in or travel to the Middle East or areas of outbreak, and/or close contact with infected individuals.

大部分病例是人人传播的结果，确诊病例的高峰出现于医院暴发期间。临床表现的范围可从轻微的无症状病症，至严重、迅速进展和可能致死的肺炎。

常规实验室检查的线索包括白细胞减少、淋巴细胞减少、血小板减少和急性肾损伤证据。确定是否感染需要进行专业的实验室检测，包括对呼吸道样本和血清样本进行实时逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 检测。

治疗方式为支持性治疗；但几种颇具前景的病毒特异性疗法正在研究中。疫苗正在试验中。

目前，疫情暴发的可能性较低，除非病毒发生变异。

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is an acute viral respiratory tract infection caused by the novel betacoronavirus MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). It was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Cases have been limited to the Arabian Peninsula and its surrounding countries, and to travellers from the Middle East or their contacts. The clinical spectrum of infection varies from no symptoms or mild respiratory symptoms to severe, rapidly progressive pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, or multi-organ failure resulting in death.

World Health Organization (WHO): Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Opens in new window

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) Opens in new window