Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- residence in, or travel to, the Middle East (or country where there is an active outbreak) in previous 14 days
- age >14 years
- fever
- cough
- dyspnea
Other diagnostic factors
- hemoptysis
- diarrhea
- abdominal pain
- nausea/vomiting
- chills/rigors
- myalgia
- arthralgia
- malaise
- headache
- sore throat
- rhinorrhea
- tachypnea
- tachycardia
- cyanosis
- chest pain
- crackles/rales on auscultation
Risk factors
- residence in, or travel to, the Middle East (or country where there is an active outbreak) in previous 14 days
- close contact with infected individuals
- exposure to infected dromedary camels
- age ≥50 years
- diabetes mellitus
- chronic renal impairment
- heart disease
- obesity
- tobacco smoking
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- CBC
- comprehensive metabolic panel
- pulse oximetry
- blood cultures
- real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
- RT-PCR sequencing assay
- chest x-ray
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Authors VIEW ALL
Infectious Diseases Consultant
King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital
Jeddah
Saudi Arabia
Disclosures
SS is the author of several references cited in this monograph.
Adult Infectious Diseases Consultant
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center
Riyadh
Saudi Arabia
Disclosures
ASO is the author of several references cited in this monograph.
Peer reviewers VIEW ALL
Associate Professor of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Respiratory Medicine Clinic
General Hospital G. Papanikolaou
Thessaloniki
Greece
Disclosures
IPK declares that he has no competing interests.
Chief
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health
University of Virginia
Charlottesville
VA
Disclosures
WAP declares that he has no competing interests.
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer