小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 腹痛
- 腹泻
其他诊断因素
- 头痛、肌痛、寒战、发热前驱症状
- 呕吐
危险因素
- 近期曾到国外旅行
- 食用生肉或半生肉(尤其是鸡肉)
- 与家禽、牛、羊或其他家畜有过接触
- HIV 感染
- 男性
- 饮用未经处理的水
- 饮用未消毒的牛奶
- 与感染者密切接触
- 质子泵抑制剂或 H2 拮抗剂的使用(尤其在老年患者中)
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 粪便显微镜检查
- 粪便培养
- 白细胞计数
需考虑的检查
- 弯曲杆菌血清学检查
- 小肠活检
- 粪便镜检
- 粪便革兰染色
治疗流程
胃肠炎
撰稿人
作者
Eli D. Ehrenpreis, MD, FACG, AGAF
Associate Director for Research
Internal Medicine Residency
Advocate Lutheran General Hospital
Park Ridge
IL
Professor of Medicine
Rosalind Franklin University Medical School
North Chicago
IL
利益声明
EDE is CEO for E2Bio Life Sciences LLC and GI Pharmaceuticals Inc.
鸣谢
Dr Eli D. Ehrenpreis would like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr Thomas Adam Wichelmann who contributed to this update. Dr Eli D. Ehrenpreis would also like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Gregory Juckett, Dr Kristin Furfari, and Professor Sarah O'Brien, the previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
TAW, GJ, and KF declare that they have no competing interests. SOB is the author of some references cited in this topic.
同行评议者
Justin T. Kupec, MD
Assistant Professor
Section of Digestive Diseases
Department of Medicine
West Virginia University
Morgantown
WV
利益声明
JTK declares that he has no competing interests.
Stephen Morris-Jones, MBBS, MRCPath
Consultant in Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology
University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences
London
UK
利益声明
SMJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Michael Bennish, MD
Senior Associate
Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health
Bloomberg School of Public Health
Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
MB declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 沙门菌胃肠炎
- 志贺菌胃肠炎
- 耶尔森菌胃肠炎
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 弯曲杆菌:指南、数据和分析
- 2017 年美国传染病学会 (Infectious Diseases Society of America) 感染性腹泻诊疗临床实践指南
更多 指南患者教育信息
克罗恩病
成人腹泻
更多 患者教育信息- 登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
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