小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 睡眠质量差
- 白天打瞌睡和疲乏
- 周期性肢体运动(多为腿部运动)
其他诊断因素
- 年龄>70 岁
- 夜间再现梦境
- 无法抗拒的动腿冲动和下肢感觉异常
- 打鼾
- 清晨口干
- 头痛
- 体重指数升高
- 停止服用苯二氮卓类或巴比妥类
- 使用抗精神病类药物
- 使用多巴胺能药物
- 苍白
- 铁缺乏症
- 糖尿病
- 脊髓损伤
- 白天骤然发作睡眠;可能伴或不伴肌肉张力丧失。
危险因素
- 年龄>70 岁
- 女性
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 多导睡眠图:肢体运动的肌电图评估
- 多导睡眠描记:脑电图(EEG)评估
- 多导睡眠图:评估睡眠障碍性呼吸
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
- 血清铁蛋白
- 尿素
- Epworth 嗜睡量表
新兴检查
- 活动记录仪检查
治疗流程
原发性周期性肢体运动障碍
继发性周期性肢体运动障碍
撰稿人
作者
Tim Soane, BMBS (Hons), MSci, MRCP (Edin), PhD
Neurology Registrar
Department of Clinical Neurosciences
Western General Hospital
Edinburgh
UK
利益声明
TS has been reimbursed for travel and attendance to the Multiple Sclerosis Academy MasterClass by Biogen.
Suvankar Pal, BSc (Hons), MBBS (Dist), MRCP (UK), MD (Res), PGCME, FHEA
Consultant Neurologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer
Department of Clinical Neurosciences
Western General Hospital
Edinburgh
UK
利益声明
SP declares that he has no competing interests.
Richard Davenport, DM, FRCP Edin
Consultant Neurologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer
Department of Clinical Neurosciences
Western General Hospital
Edinburgh
UK
利益声明
RD declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Paul Reading, MBBS
Consultant Neurologist
James Cook University Hospital
Middlesbrough
UK
利益声明
PR declares that he has no competing interests.
Karl Doghramji, MD
Director
Sleep Disorders Center
Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
Philadelphia
PA
利益声明
KD is a speaker for Sanofi-Aventis, King Pharmaceuticals, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Sepracor, and Pfizer; a consultant for Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Sepracor, Pfizer, and Neurocrine Biosciences; and has stock in Merck.
Kirstie Anderson, BMedSci, MBBS, MRCP, DPhil
Consultant Neurologist
Department of Neurology
Freeman Hospital
Newcastle upon Tyne
UK
利益声明
KA declares that she has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 夜间癫痫性疾病
- 睡眠障碍性呼吸
- 睡眠开始
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 成人失眠管理的评估
- 睡眠疾病国际分类,第 3 版 (ICSD-3)
更多 指南患者教育信息
失眠(症)
成人睡眠呼吸暂停(阻塞性)
更多 患者教育信息- 登录或订阅即可浏览 BMJ Best Practice 临床实践完整内容
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