小结
定义
病史和体格检查
诊断性检查
治疗流程
撰稿人
作者
Consultant Surgeon
Department of General Surgery
Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
UK
利益声明
IJDM is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Mr Iain J.D. McCallum would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Seamus Kelly, a previous contributor to this topic. SK declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Assistant Clinical Professor of Surgery
UCLA
Chief of Colon and Rectal Surgery Chair
Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery Kaiser Permanente
Los Angeles
CA
利益声明
MAA declares that he has no competing interests.
Consultant Colorectal Surgeon
Clinical Manager of General Surgery and ETC
Department of Surgery
Manchester Royal Infirmary
Manchester
UK
利益声明
AJMW is an author of a reference cited in this monograph.
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