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葡萄胎

最后审阅: 23 Oct 2024
最后更新: 09 Jun 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 妊娠早期
  • 停经
  • 阴道出血
  • 子宫反常地大于孕龄
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 头痛和畏光
  • 呼吸短促和呼吸窘迫
  • 剧烈恶心和呕吐
  • 心动过速、震颤、失眠和腹泻
  • 高血压
  • 苍白
  • 盆腔疼痛
  • 子宫出血
  • 外周水肿
完整详情

危险因素

  • 妊娠年龄的两极端
  • 既往妊娠滋养细胞疾病 (GTD)
  • A、B、AB 型血
  • 吸烟
  • 膳食脂肪和胡萝卜素减少
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 血清 β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素 (hCG)
  • 全血细胞计数 (FBC)
  • 血清 PT、PTT
  • 血清代谢检查组合
  • 血清促甲状腺激素 (TSH)
  • 血型及抗体筛查
  • 盆腔超声检查
  • 胸部 X 线检查 (CXR)
  • 胎盘组织的组织学检查
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

单胎葡萄胎妊娠:希望保留生育能力

单胎葡萄胎妊娠:不希望保留生育能力

可存活的双胎:不希望择期终止妊娠

可存活的双胎:选择性终止妊娠

持续性治疗

初步处理后:不太可能完成随访且具有妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤的高风险

撰稿人

作者

John Soper, MD

Professor

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

University of North Carolina

Chapel Hill

NC

利益声明

JS is an author of references cited in this topic.

Emma Rossi, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

University of North Carolina

Chapel Hill

NC

利益声明

ER declares that she has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Jane Stewart, PhD, MSc

Consultant Gynecologist

Subspecialist in Reproductive Medicine

Newcastle Fertility Centre at Life

Bioscience Centre

International Centre at Life

Newcastle upon Tyne

UK

利益声明

JS declares that she has no competing interests.

Philip Savage, PhD, FRCP

Consultant in Medical Oncology

Department of Medical Oncology

Charing Cross Hospital

London

UK

利益声明

PS declares that he has no competing interests.

Aparna Sundaram, DO, MBA, MPH

Physician Consultant

Preventive Medicine

Private Practice

Atlanta

GA

利益声明

AS declares that she has no competing interests.

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