小结
定义
病史和体格检查
其他诊断因素
- 咽痛
- 颈部包块
- 质硬或溃疡包块
- 吞咽困难
- 口腔疼痛
- 体重减轻
- 耳痛
- 张口困难
- 白斑（黏膜白斑）及红斑（黏膜红斑）
危险因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 吸食烟草香烟
- 酒精
- 人类乳头状瘤病毒 (HPV)-16 感染
- 嚼烟草和槟榔
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 原发部位活检
- 头颈部CT扫描
- 颈淋巴结细针穿刺细胞学 (FNAC)
- HPV-16原位杂交，p16免疫组化，或活检标本PCR
需考虑的检查
- 头颈部MRI
- 头颈部PET-CT
- 上消化道内镜检查或三联内镜
- 改良吞钡造影检查
- 颈部淋巴结切除活检
- 全血细胞计数 (FBC）
- 电解质
- 血浆尿素/氮
- 血清肌酐
- 总蛋白
- 白蛋白
- 前白蛋白
- 肝功能检查 (LFT)
治疗流程
HPV 阴性
HPV 阳性
复发性疾病
撰稿人
作者
Anuraag Parikh, MD
Assistant Professor
Head & Neck Surgical Oncology & Microvascular Reconstruction
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
New York
NY
利益声明
AP declares that he has no competing interests. AP's spouse is an employee of and holds stock in Regeneron Pharmaceuticals.
鸣谢
Dr Anuraag Parikh would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Nam P. Nguyen, Dr Fabio Almeida, and Dr Linda Garland, previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
LG is on the speakers' bureau for Sanofi-Aventis, maker of Taxotere. NPN is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. FA declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
AJ Balm, MD, PhD, FACS, FRCS
Chair Emeritus
Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Cooperative Group
Department of Head & Neck Oncology and Surgery
The Netherlands Cancer Institute
Amsterdam
The Netherlands
利益声明
AJB declares that he has no competing interests.
Andy Trotti, MD
Specialising in Head & Neck Cancer
Director of Clinical Trials
Radiation Oncology
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute
Tampa
FL
利益声明
AT is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Hari Deshpande, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Yale Cancer Center
Yale University
New Haven
CT
利益声明
HD is on the speakers' bureau for Sanofi-Aventis and has received reimbursement for talks given about their product Taxotere.
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