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职业性哮喘

最后审阅: 12 Nov 2024
最后更新: 12 Jan 2024

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 致敏剂或刺激物的职业暴露
  • 哮喘症状在假日期间改善
  • 在工作期间哮喘症状的初次发作
完整详情

危险因素

  • 高水平致敏剂暴露
  • 特应性
  • 遗传因素
  • 吸烟
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 肺量测定法
  • 胸部 X 线检查
  • 皮肤点刺试验
  • 特异性血清 IgE 测定
  • 非特异性支气管高反应性(NSBHR)
  • 连续呼气流量峰值(PEFR)测定
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 特异性吸入激发试验(SIC)
完整详情

新兴检查

  • 诱导痰细胞学检查
  • 呼出气一氧化氮 (FeNO)

治疗流程

急症处理

致敏物诱发

刺激物诱发

持续性治疗

有症状的哮喘

撰稿人

作者

Ryan Hoy, MB BS, MOEH, FRACP
Ryan Hoy

Respiratory Physician

The Alfred Hospital

Melbourne

Victoria

Australia

利益声明

RH declares that he has no competing interests.

Susan M. Tarlo, MB BS FRCP(C)
Susan M. Tarlo

Professor of Medicine

University of Toronto

Respiratory Physician

Toronto Western Hospital

Toronto

Ontario

Canada

利益声明

SMT has received research grants from Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) for a systematic review of work-related COPD and from the Centre for Research Expertise in Occupational Diseases, funded by Ontario Ministry of Labour. As part of her clinical practice she assesses patients referred by the WSIB and the Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal.

同行评议者

Ware Kuschner, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Stanford University

Stanford

Staff Physician

US Department of Veterans Affairs

Palo Alto Health Care System

Palo Alto

CA

利益声明

WK declares that he has no competing interests.

Karin Pacheco, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

National Jewish Medical Centre

Denver

CO

利益声明

KP declares that she has no competing interests.

Philip Harber, MD

Professor of Medicine

University of California

Los Angeles

CA

利益声明

PH declares that he has no competing interests.

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