小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 致敏剂或刺激物的职业暴露
- 哮喘症状在假日期间改善
- 在工作期间哮喘症状的初次发作
危险因素
- 高水平致敏剂暴露
- 特应性
- 遗传因素
- 吸烟
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 肺量测定法
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 皮肤点刺试验
- 特异性血清 IgE 测定
- 非特异性支气管高反应性（NSBHR）
- 连续呼气流量峰值（PEFR）测定
需考虑的检查
- 特异性吸入激发试验（SIC）
新兴检查
- 诱导痰细胞学检查
- 呼出气一氧化氮 (FeNO)
治疗流程
致敏物诱发
刺激物诱发
有症状的哮喘
撰稿人
作者
Ryan Hoy, MB BS, MOEH, FRACP
Respiratory Physician
The Alfred Hospital
Melbourne
Victoria
Australia
利益声明
RH declares that he has no competing interests.
Susan M. Tarlo, MB BS FRCP(C)
Professor of Medicine
University of Toronto
Respiratory Physician
Toronto Western Hospital
Toronto
Ontario
Canada
利益声明
SMT has received research grants from Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) for a systematic review of work-related COPD and from the Centre for Research Expertise in Occupational Diseases, funded by Ontario Ministry of Labour. As part of her clinical practice she assesses patients referred by the WSIB and the Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal.
同行评议者
Ware Kuschner, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Stanford University
Stanford
Staff Physician
US Department of Veterans Affairs
Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto
CA
利益声明
WK declares that he has no competing interests.
Karin Pacheco, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
National Jewish Medical Centre
Denver
CO
利益声明
KP declares that she has no competing interests.
Philip Harber, MD
Professor of Medicine
University of California
Los Angeles
CA
利益声明
PH declares that he has no competing interests.
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