Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- 存在的危险因素
- 无痛性阴囊肿物
- 左侧征/症状
- 小睾丸
Other diagnostic factors
- 不育症
- 年龄超过12岁
- 阴囊或腹股沟疼痛
Risk factors
- 人体测量参数（高/低体重指数）
- 精索静脉曲张家族史
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- 临床诊断
Tests to consider
- 阴囊的彩色多普勒超声血流成像
- 精液分析
- 血清卵泡刺激素（± 促性腺激素释放激素刺激 ）
- 血清睾酮
- DNA碎片化指数（DFI）
- 腹部/盆腔 CT
- 腹部/骨盆 MRI
- 腹膜后超声检查
Treatment algorithm
青少年
成人
Contributors
Authors
Jay Ira Sandlow, MD
Professor and Vice-Chair
Department of Urology
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee
WI
Disclosures
JIS declares that he has no competing interests.
Jagan K. Kansal, MD, MBA
Fellow in Male Reproductive and Sexual Health
Department of Urology
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee
WI
Disclosures
JKK declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr Jay Ira Sandlow and Dr Jagan K. Kansal would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Pravin Rao, Dr Miguel Pineda, Dr John C. Thomas, and Dr Wayne Kuang, previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
PR, MP, JCT, and WK declare that they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Siam Oottamasathien, MD
Assistant Professor
Division of Pediatric Urology
University of Utah
Primary Children's Medical Center
Salt Lake City
UT
Disclosures
SO declares that she has no competing interests.
Jeffrey Donohoe, MD
Assistant Professor
Pediatric Urology
Medical College of Georgia
Augusta
GA
Disclosures
JD declares that he has no competing interests.
Daniel H. Williams, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Urology
Head
Section of Male Infertility and Andrology
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison
WI
Disclosures
DHW declares that he has no competing interests.
Edmund Sabanegh, Jr, MD
Director
Center for Male Fertility
Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute
Cleveland
OH
Disclosures
ES declares that he has no competing interests.
Differentials
- 睾丸旁肿物
- 精索鞘膜积液
- 腹股沟疝
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- 男性不育的诊断和治疗：AUA/ASRM 指南第 Ⅰ 部分
- 男性不育的诊断和治疗：AUA/ASRM 指南第 Ⅱ 部分
More GuidelinesPatient information
生育能力问题：部分原因
能育性问题：如何有效治疗？
More Patient information
Log in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer