小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 左胸骨旁收缩期杂音
- 生长迟缓
- 呼吸短促
其他诊断因素
- 反复肺部感染
- 第二心音肺动脉瓣成分响亮
- 紫绀
- 杵状指
- 近期心肌梗死(通常在 2~5 天内
- 近期外伤
危险因素
- 先天性心脏病家族史
- 唐氏综合征(21 三体
- 妊娠期间饮酒
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 超声心动图
- 胸部 X 线检查
- 心电图(ECG
需考虑的检查
- 心脏磁共振成像
- 心导管检查
新兴检查
- 心脏 CT 扫描
治疗流程
先天性:小型
先天性:中型或大型
获得性
撰稿人
作者
Kul Aggarwal, MD, MRCP, FACC

Professor of Clinical Medicine
University of Missouri
Columbia
MO
利益声明
KA declares that he has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Kul Aggarwal would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Zuhdi Lababidi, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
ZL declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Michael Cheung, BSc (Hons), MB ChB, MRCP, FRACP
Acting Head
Department of Cardiology
Royal Children's Hospital
Melbourne
Australia
利益声明
MC declares that he has no competing interests.
Sachin Khambadkone, MD, DCH, DNB
Consultant Paediatric Cardiologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer
Great Ormond Street Hospital and Institute of Child Health
London
UK
利益声明
SK declares that he has no competing interests.
Tain-Yen Hsia, MD
Attending Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgeon
Medical University of South Carolina Children's Hospital
Charleston
SC
利益声明
TYH declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 房间隔缺损
- 动脉导管未闭
- 二尖瓣反流
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 2020 年成人先天性心脏病
- 2018 年关于成人先天性心脏病治疗的 AHA/ACC 指南
更多 指南Log in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice
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