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儿童肥胖

最后审阅: 12 Nov 2024
最后更新: 10 Nov 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 体重指数 (BMI)≥第 95 百分位数
  • 体重≥身高对应体重的第95百分位
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 腰臀比增加
  • 高血压
完整详情

危险因素

  • 肥胖父母
  • 婴儿期体重快速升高
  • 童年期早期体重升高
  • 非西班牙裔黑人或西班牙人
  • 社会经济状况差
  • 久坐不动的生活方式
  • 宫内生长受限
  • 孕妇妊娠期糖尿病
  • 高能量食物、快餐和高糖饮料多的饮食
  • 面对显示屏时间每天超过 2-3 小时
  • 睡眠减少
  • 暴露于皮质类固醇、抗生素或抑酸药物
  • 城市环境
  • 母亲妊娠期吸烟
  • 母亲食用超加工食品
完整详情

诊断性检查

需考虑的检查

  • 空腹血糖
  • 血清脂质
  • 肝功能检查
完整详情

新兴检查

  • DEXA
  • 生物电阻抗分析
  • 腹部 CT 或 MRI

治疗流程

持续性治疗

体重指数(body mass index, BMI)≥第 85 到第 94 百分位数(超重)

体重指数(body mass index, BMI)≥第 95 百分位数(肥胖)或 BMI ≥第 95 百分位数的 120%(重度肥胖)

撰稿人

作者

Dianne Deplewski, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology

Program Director

Pediatric Endocrinology Fellowship Program

University of Chicago

Chicago

IL

利益声明

DD declares that she has no competing interests.

鸣谢

We would like to acknowledge our Paediatric expert panel member, Dr Michael Cabana, for his contribution to this topic. MDC declares that he has served as a consultant and editor for McGraw Hill and Elsevier.

同行评议者

Eric M. Bomberg, MD, MAS

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Associate Director for Research Informatics, Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine

Division of Endocrinology and Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine

University of Minnesota Medical School

Minneapolis

MN

利益声明

EMB declares that he has been a site principal investigator and site co-investigator for Novo Nordisk. EMB's research program is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK).

Steven S. Rothenberg, MD

Chief of Pediatric Surgery

The Mother and Child Hospital

Associate Clinical Professor of Surgery

University of Colorado

Denver

CO

利益声明

SSR declares that he has no competing interests.

Seema Kumar, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Mayo Clinic

Rochester

MN

利益声明

SK declares that she has no competing interests.

Peter Bundred, MBBS, MD

Honorary Research Fellow

Department of Health Services Research

Institute of Psychology, Health and Society

University of Liverpool

Liverpool

UK

利益声明

PB declares that he has no competing interests.

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