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Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection

Última revisión: 11 Jun 2025
Última actualización: 09 Jan 2025

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • presence of risk factors
  • acute onset of fever
  • headache
  • myalgia
  • arthralgia
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • retro-orbital pain
  • tachypnoea
  • tachycardia
  • chills
  • altered mental status
  • nausea/vomiting
  • seizures
  • gastrointestinal bleeding
  • rhinorrhoea
  • cough
  • diarrhoea
  • rash
  • sore throat
  • hemiparesis
  • lethargy, drowsiness, or confusion
  • paraesthesias
  • ataxia/gait abnormalities
  • behavioural abnormalities
  • stupor, somnolence, or coma
  • neck stiffness (nuchal rigidity)
  • jaundice
  • papilloedema
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • living and/or working in or near tropical forests in Central or South America
  • fishing in or near tropical forests in Central or South America
  • age <15 years
  • occupational exposure (laboratory)
  • bioterrorism
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT)
  • viral isolation
  • cerebrospinal fluid cell count, chemistries (glucose, protein), and viral isolation
  • FBC (including haematocrit)
  • LFTs
  • chest x-ray
  • head CT
  • brain MRI
  • rapid malaria antigen test or malaria smear
  • electroencephalogram
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Agudo

symptomatic patients

Colaboradores

Autores

Rachael Matthews, BSc, MBChB, MRCP

Neurology Specialist Registrar

Neurology department

Royal Preston Hospital

Preston

UK

Divulgaciones

RM declares that she has a pending grant application to the Guarantors of Brain “Entry” Clinical Fellowship for 2024. She has also co-authored a draft editorial manuscript with Professor Benedict Michael, pending submission to Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry.

Benedict D. Michael, MBChB, FRCP, PhD

Professor

MRC Clinician Scientist

Director - Infection Neuroscience Laboratory

Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology

Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science

University of Liverpool

Liverpool

UK

Divulgaciones

BDM declares has received payments from Moore Barlow for expert testimony, unrelated to this topic.

Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales, MD, MSc, DTM&H, DipEd, FRSTM&H(Lon), FFTM RCPS(Glasg), FACE, FISAC, HonDSc.

Professor

Faculty of Medicine

Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas

Pereira

Colombia

Divulgaciones

AJRM declares that he has no competing interests.

Luís Ferreira, MD

Infectious Diseases Speciality Registrar

Department of Infectious Diseases

Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Santo António

Porto

Portugal

Divulgaciones

LF declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Rachael Matthews, Benedict D. Michael, Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales, and Luís Ferreira would like to gratefully acknowledge Amy Vittor, the previous contributor to this topic.

Divulgaciones

AV is the author of a reference cited in this topic.

Revisores por pares

Miguel G. Madariaga, MD, MSc, FACP

Infectious Diseases Consultant

Naples Community Hospital

Naples

FL

Divulgaciones

MGM declares that he has no competing interests.

Stalin Vilcarromero, MD

Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins

ESSALUD

Lima

Peru

Divulgaciones

SV declares that he has no competing interests.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Steiner I, Budka H, Chaudhuri A, et al. Viral meningoencephalitis: a review of diagnostic methods and guidelines for management. Eur J Neurol. 2010 Aug;17(8):999-e57.Texto completo  Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
  • Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection images
  • Diferenciales

    • Malaria infection
    • Dengue fever
    • Chikungunya virus
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  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • Consensus guidelines for the investigation and management of encephalitis in adults and children in Australia and New Zealand
    • Management of suspected viral encephalitis in children
    Más Guías de práctica clínica
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