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Última revisión: 9 Apr 2025
Última actualización: 19 Feb 2025

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • winter season
  • current influenza outbreak
  • unvaccinated
  • fever with cough
Todos los datos

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • sore throat
  • cervical lymphadenopathy
  • dyspnea
Todos los datos

Factores de riesgo

  • age ≥65 years
  • age 6-59 months
  • chronic cardiovascular or respiratory conditions
  • diabetes
  • hemoglobinopathy
  • immunocompromised status
  • chronic kidney disease (CKD)
  • pregnancy
  • caregivers and household contacts of high-risk groups
  • healthcare workers
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • clinical diagnosis
Todos los datos

Tests to avoid

  • broad respiratory pathogen panels
  • serology
Todos los datos

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • molecular assays
  • antigen detection tests
  • viral culture
  • chest x-ray
Todos los datos

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Inicial

exposure to infected individual(s) in at-risk population

Agudo

adults

children

Colaboradores

Autores

Kyle Eggleton, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP(Dist)

Associate Dean Rural

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

University of Auckland

Auckland

New Zealand

Divulgaciones

KE declares that he has no competing interests.

Rachel Roskvist, MBChB, FRNZCGP, MHSc

Senior Lecturer

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

University of Auckland

Auckland

New Zealand

Divulgaciones

RR declares that she has no competing interests.

Bruce Arroll, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

University of Auckland

Auckland

New Zealand

Divulgaciones

BA declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Dr Kyle Eggleton, Dr Rachel Roskvist, and Professor Bruce Arroll would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Cristine Radojicic, a previous contributor to this topic.

Divulgaciones

CR declares that she is on Advisory boards for CSL Behring and Speakers Bureau Biocryst.

Revisores por pares

Waleed Javaid, MD, FACP, FIDSA

Associate Professor

Medical Director of Infection Control

Infectious Disease

Department of Medicine

SUNY Upstate Medical University

Syracuse

NY

Divulgaciones

WJ declares that he has no competing interests.

Rachel L. Miller, MD, FAAAAI

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine and Environmental Health Sciences

Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons

New York

NY

Divulgaciones

RLM declares that she has no competing interests.

Mark Sands, MD, FAAAAI

Chief

SUNY Buffalo School of Medicine

Division Allergy and Immunology

Buffalo

NY

Divulgaciones

MS declares that he has no competing interests.

An De Sutter, MD, PhD

Associate Professor

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

Ghent University

Ghent

Belgium

Divulgaciones

ADS declares that she has no competing interests.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Uyeki TM, Bernstein HH, Bradley JS, et al. Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 5;68(6):e1-47.Texto completo  Resumen

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza (flu). Feb 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR): prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices — United States, 2023–24 Influenza Season. Aug 2023. [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child and adolescent immunization schedule: recommendations for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2024. Nov 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adult immunization schedule by age: recommendations for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2024. Nov 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza antiviral medications: summary for clinicians. Dec 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible aquí.

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