小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- наличие факторов риска
- продолжительность кашля <30 дней
- продуктивный кашель
- отсутствие хронического респираторного заболевания в анамнезе
- исключение любого другого респираторного или кардиального заболевания, которое могло бы служить причиной симптомов
其他诊断因素
- лихорадка
- свистящее дыхание
- сухие хрипы
危险因素
- контакт с вирусной или атипичной бактериальной инфекцией
- табакокурение
- воздействие бытового загрязнения
诊断性检查
首要检查
- клинический диагноз
需考虑的检查
- исследование функции легких
- рентгенография органов грудной клетки
- СРБ
新兴检查
- прокальцитонин
治疗流程
кашель ≤4 недель
кашель >4 недель
撰稿人
作者
William J. Hueston, MD
Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs
Professor of Family and Community Medicine
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee
WI
利益声明
WJH receives compensation from the American Physicians' Institute for the development and presentation of continuing physician education material related to primary care respiratory diseases, including acute bronchitis. WJH has received compensation from the Hong Kong Food and Health Bureau’s Research Fund Secretariat to review research grants for respiratory conditions such as acute bronchitis. He is also the author of a number of references cited in this topic.
鸣谢
Dr William J. Hueston would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ann M. Rodden, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
AMR declares that she has no competing interests.
同行评议者
David L. Hahn, MD
Clinical Professor
School of Medicine and Public Health
University of Wisconsin-Madison
WI
利益声明
DLH declares that he has no competing interests.
Cristine Radojicic, MD
Staff Physician
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland
OH
Disclosures
CR declares that she has no competing interests.
Philip W. Ind, BA (Cantab), MB BChir, MA (Cantab), FRCP
Consultant Physician
Honorary Senior Lecturer
Imperial College Healthcare Trust
Hammersmith Hospital
London
UK
Disclosures
PWI declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A, et al. Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults: advice for high-value care from the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Mar 15;164(6):425-34.Full text Abstract
Spurling GK, Del Mar CB, Dooley L, et al. Delayed antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Sep 7;(9):CD004417.Full text Abstract
Smith SM, Fahey T, Smucny J, et al. Antibiotics for acute bronchitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jun 19;(6):CD000245.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Коронавирусная болезнь 2019 (COVID-19)
- Пневмония
- Аллергический ринит
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Acute cough due to acute bronchitis in immunocompetent adult outpatients: CHEST expert panel report
- Cough (acute): antimicrobial prescribing
More GuidelinesPatient information
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