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Острый бронхит

Última revisão: 11 Dec 2025
Última atualização: 13 May 2022

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • наличие факторов риска
  • продолжительность кашля <30 дней
  • продуктивный кашель
  • отсутствие хронического респираторного заболевания в анамнезе
  • исключение любого другого респираторного или кардиального заболевания, которое могло бы служить причиной симптомов
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • лихорадка
  • свистящее дыхание
  • сухие хрипы
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • контакт с вирусной или атипичной бактериальной инфекцией
  • табакокурение
  • воздействие бытового загрязнения
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • клинический диагноз
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • исследование функции легких
  • рентгенография органов грудной клетки
  • СРБ
Detalhes completos

Novos exames

  • прокальцитонин

Algoritmo de tratamento

AGUDA

кашель ≤4 недель

CONTÍNUA

кашель >4 недель

Colaboradores

Autores

William J. Hueston, MD

Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs

Professor of Family and Community Medicine

Medical College of Wisconsin

Milwaukee

WI

Declarações

WJH receives compensation from the American Physicians' Institute for the development and presentation of continuing physician education material related to primary care respiratory diseases, including acute bronchitis. WJH has received compensation from the Hong Kong Food and Health Bureau’s Research Fund Secretariat to review research grants for respiratory conditions such as acute bronchitis. He is also the author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Agradecimentos

Dr William J. Hueston would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Ann M. Rodden, a previous contributor to this topic.

Declarações

AMR declares that she has no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

David L. Hahn, MD

Clinical Professor

School of Medicine and Public Health

University of Wisconsin-Madison

WI

Divulgaciones

DLH declares that he has no competing interests.

Cristine Radojicic, MD

Staff Physician

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland

OH

Divulgaciones

CR declares that she has no competing interests.

Philip W. Ind, BA (Cantab), MB BChir, MA (Cantab), FRCP

Consultant Physician

Honorary Senior Lecturer

Imperial College Healthcare Trust

Hammersmith Hospital

London

UK

Divulgaciones

PWI declares that he has no competing interests.

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Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.

Divulgaciones

Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A, et al. Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults: advice for high-value care from the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Mar 15;164(6):425-34.Texto completo  Resumen

Spurling GK, Del Mar CB, Dooley L, et al. Delayed antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Sep 7;(9):CD004417.Texto completo  Resumen

Smith SM, Fahey T, Smucny J, et al. Antibiotics for acute bronchitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jun 19;(6):CD000245.Texto completo  Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
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