Avaliação da afasia

Last reviewed: 12 Aug 2025
Last updated: 19 Jul 2023

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) isquêmico
  • Hemorragia intracerebral
  • Doença de Alzheimer
  • Traumatismo cranioencefálico traumático
Full details

Uncommon

  • Hematoma subdural
  • Hemorragia subaracnoide
  • Enxaqueca
  • Encefalite herpética
  • Encefalite do Nilo Ocidental
  • Infecção bacteriana/abscesso
  • Abscesso fúngico
  • Doença de príon
  • Toxoplasmose
  • Doença de Lyme
  • Variante não fluente/agramática de afasia progressiva primária (APP)
  • Variante semântica da afasia progressiva primária (APP)
  • Variante logopênica da afasia progressiva primária (APP)
  • Afasia/disartria/doença do neurônio motor (esclerose lateral amiotrófica [ELA]/degeneração frontotemporal)
  • Tumor cerebral primário
  • Metástases cerebrais
  • Esclerose múltipla
  • Sarcoidose
  • Encefalomielite disseminada aguda
  • Convulsão
  • Transtorno de conversão
  • Encefalopatia de Wernicke (deficiência de tiamina)
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Argye E. Hillis, MD, MA

Professor of Neurology

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore

MD

Disclosures

AEH has received grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and receives royalties from Taylor & Francis for a textbook on aphasia. AEH is also an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Peer reviewers

Brad Dickerson, MD

Director of the Frontotemporal Disorders Unit

Massachusetts General Hospital

Professor of Neurology

Harvard Medical School

Massachusetts

MA

Disclosures

BD declares that he has no competing interests.

Rajesh R. Tampi, MD, MS

Associate Clinical Professor of Psychiatry

Yale University School of Medicine

New Haven

CT

Disclosures

RRT declares that he has no competing interests.

Cory Toth, BSc, MD, FRCP(C)

Assistant Professor of Neurosciences

Hotchkiss Brain Institute

University of Calgary

Alberta

Canada

Disclosures

CT declares that he has no competing interests.

Alexander Leff, MBBS, BSc, MRCP, PhD

Senior Clinical Lecturer and Honorary Consultant Neurologist

Institute of Neurology

National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery

University College London

London

UK

Disclosures

AL declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Brady MC, Kelly H, Godwin J, et al. Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(6):CD000425.Full text  Abstract

Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: 2019 update to the 2018 guidelines for the early management of acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2019 Dec;50(12):e344-418.Full text  Abstract

Royal College of Physicians, Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. National clinical guideline for stroke for the United Kingdom and Ireland. 2023 [internet publication].Full text

Greenberg SM, Ziai WC, Cordonnier C, et al. 2022 Guideline for the management of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2022 Jul;53(7):e282-361.Full text  Abstract

Expert Panel on Neurological Imaging, Ledbetter LN, Burns J, et al. ACR appropriateness criteria® cerebrovascular diseases-aneurysm, vascular malformation, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Am Coll Radiol. 2021 Nov;18(11s):S283-304.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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