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Cegueira noturna

最后审阅: 24 Sep 2025
最后更新: 05 Sep 2023

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • história familiar de perda da visão
  • história médica pregressa de deficiência de vitamina A (retinol) ou malignidade
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • acuidade visual reduzida em luz fraca
  • respostas pupilares variáveis (dependendo da causa subjacente)
  • atenuação vascular retiniana
  • perda de campo visual
  • degeneração coriorretiniana periférica
  • história de medicamentos que interferem no metabolismo da vitamina A (retinol)
完整详情

危险因素

  • retinite pigmentosa
  • cegueira noturna congênita estacionária
  • deficiência de vitamina A (retinol)
  • retinopatia associada ao câncer
  • retinopatia associada ao melanoma
  • atrofia girata
  • coroideremia
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • eletrorretinografia (ERG)
  • biomicroscopia de fenda e oftalmoscopia indireta
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需考虑的检查

  • nível sérico de vitamina A (retinol)
  • sequenciamento de próxima geração
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治疗流程

急症处理

cegueira noturna genética

cegueira noturna adquirida

撰稿人

作者

Jonathan Smith, FRCOphth, MRCP

Consultant Ophthalmologist

Sunderland Eye Infirmary

Sunderland

UK

利益声明

JS has received sponsorship from Novartis, Bayer, and DORC for meeting travel and accommodation. JS was awarded a research grant in 2017 by the British Vitreoretinal Society.

Muhammad Raza Cheema, MRCGP, MRes, FRCOphth, FEBO

Specialist Registrar

Ophthalmology

Sunderland Eye Infirmary

Sunderland

UK

利益声明

MRC declares that he has no competing interests.

Wendy Adams, MRCP, FRCOphth

Consultant Ophthalmologist

Sunderland Eye Infirmary

Sunderland

UK

利益声明

WA declares that she has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Jonathan Smith, Dr Wendy Adams, and Dr Muhammad Raza Cheema would like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Ms Karen Bradshaw. KB declares that she has no competing interests.

同行评议者

Makoto Nakamura, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Ophthalmology

Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine

Nagoya

Japan

利益声明

MN declares that he has no competing interests.

Eric Amesbury, MD

Klara Spinks Fleming Fellow

Jules Stein Eye Institute

UCLA

Los Angeles

CA

利益声明

EA declares that he has no competing interests.

Creig S. Hoyt, MD

Emeritus Professor and Chairman

Department of Ophthalmology

University of California

San Francisco

CA

利益声明

CSH declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Hartong DT, Berson EL, Dryja TP. Retinitis pigmentosa. Lancet. 2006 Nov 18;368(9549):1795-809. 摘要

Petzold A, Plant GT. Clinical disorders affecting mesopic vision. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2006 May;26(3):326-41. 摘要

Goodwin P. Hereditary retinal disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2008 May;19(3):255-62. 摘要

Law WC, Rando RR. The molecular basis of retinoic acid induced night blindness. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Jun 15;161(2):825-9. 摘要

参考文献

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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