Resumen
Definición
Anamnesis y examen
Principales factores de diagnóstico
- presença de fatores de risco
- dispneia por esforço
Otros factores de diagnóstico
- ortopneia
- dispneia paroxística noturna
- plenitude abdominal
- estertores
- estase jugular
- refluxo hepatojugular
- hepatomegalia congestiva
- edema nos membros inferiores
- impulso apical deslocado lateralmente
- ritmos de galope
Factores de riesgo
- hipertensão
- fibrilação atrial (FA)
- sexo feminino
- idade >70 anos
- obesidade
- doença arterial coronariana (DAC)/isquemia
- diabetes mellitus
- doença renal crônica (DRC)
- dislipidemia
- exposição a agentes cardiotóxicos
- síndrome metabólica ou síndrome cardiovascular-renal-metabólica
- distúrbios do miocárdio e pericárdio
- apneia obstrutiva do sono
Pruebas diagnósticas
Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar
- eletrólitos séricos
- testes de função renal
- enzimas hepáticas
- peptídeo natriurético do tipo B (PNB)/fragmento N-terminal do peptídeo natriurético do tipo B (NT-proPNB)
- Hemograma completo e perfil de ferro
- eletrocardiograma (ECG) de 12 derivações
- glicose sanguínea
- testes da função tireoidiana
- lipídeos séricos
- radiografia torácica
- ecocardiografia transtorácica
Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse
- ressonância nuclear magnética cardíaca (RNMC)
- Angiotomografia
- ventriculografia com radionuclídeos (exame MUGA [angiografia sincronizada multinuclear])
- teste ergométrico
- teste ergométrico (CPET)
- cateterismo cardíaco e angiografia coronariana
Algoritmo de tratamiento
todos os pacientes
Colaboradores
Autores
Syed Wamique Yusuf, FACC, FRCPI
Professor of Medicine
Department of Cardiology
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Houston
TX
Divulgaciones
SWY declares that he has no competing interests.
Carl Zehner, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Department of Cardiology
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Houston
TX
Divulgaciones
CZ declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Dr Syed Wamique Yusuf and Dr Carl Zehner would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Gerald Carr-White, Dr Jessica Webb, Dr Gerard Aurigemma, Dr Lokesh Tejwani, Dr Marc E. Del Rosario, and Dr Kul Aggarwal, previous contributors to this topic.
Divulgaciones
GCW has been reimbursed by Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Medtronic, St Jude, and Sanofi for attending conferences. He has attended Advisory Boards for Medtronic, St Jude, Novartis, Shire, Sanofi, and Servier. JW has a joint working venture with BI for a community pharmacist post. GA, LT, MEDR, and KA declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Edward Geltman, MD
Professor of Medicine
Cardiovascular Division
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis
MO
Divulgaciones
EG has lectured for Novartis, Forest, Merck, and Pfizer.
Jerry Murphy, MB, BS, DM, FRCP
Consultant Cardiologist
Darlington Memorial Hospital
Darlington
UK
Divulgaciones
Not disclosed.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
Referencias
Artículos principales
Bozkurt B, Coats AJ, Tsutsui H, et al. Universal definition and classification of heart failure: a report of the Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, Japanese Heart Failure Society and Writing Committee of the Universal Definition of Heart Failure. 2021 Mar 1;S1071-9164(21)00050-6.Texto completo Resumen
Kittleson MM, Panjrath GS, Amancherla K, et al. 2023 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 May 9;81(18):1835-78.Texto completo Resumen
Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2022 May 3;145(18):e895-1032.Texto completo Resumen
McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 21;42(36):3599-726.Texto completo
McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2023 focused update of the 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2023 Oct 1;44(37):3627-39.Texto completo Resumen
Borlaug BA, Sharma K, Shah SJ, et al. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: JACC scientific statement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 May 9;81(18):1810-34. Resumen
Artículos de referencia
Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
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