Avaliação da anemia

Last reviewed: 21 Aug 2025
Last updated: 24 Sep 2024

Summary

Differentials

Common

  • Trauma
  • Hemorragia gastrointestinal aguda
  • Ruptura de aneurisma vascular
  • Cirurgia
  • Menorragia
  • Deficiência de ferro
  • Deficiência de vitamina B12
  • Deficiência de folato
  • Síndrome mielodisplásica
  • Leucemia linfoide aguda
  • Leucemia mieloide aguda
  • Leucemia mieloide crônica
  • Leucemia de células pilosas
  • Anemia aplásica adquirida
  • Infiltração por malignidade secundária
  • Aplasia pura de série vermelha
  • Toxicidade medicamentosa
  • Anemia de doença crônica
  • Doença renal crônica
  • Doença hepática crônica
  • Gestação
Full details

Uncommon

  • Desnutrição generalizada
  • Quimioterapia citotóxica
  • Radioterapia
  • Abuso de álcool
  • Intoxicação por chumbo
  • Hipotireoidismo
  • Anemia hemolítica autoimune
  • Reação transfusional
  • Malária
  • Hepatite viral
  • Toxoplasmose
  • Leishmaniose
  • Infecção por parvovírus B19
  • Mononucleose infecciosa
  • Citomegalovírus (CMV)
  • Anemia falciforme
  • Talassemias
  • Esferocitose hereditária
  • Deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase (G6PD)
  • Síndromes de falência medular
  • Síndrome hemolítico-urêmica
  • Coagulação intravascular disseminada (CIVD)
  • Púrpura trombocitopênica trombótica
  • Hemangioma
  • Hipertensão maligna
  • Superfícies e valvas protéticas
  • Queimaduras cutâneas
Full details

Contributors

Authors

Robert Zaiden, MD

Hematologist Oncologist

Baptist MD Anderson Cancer Center

Jacksonville

FL

Disclosures

RZ declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Robert Zaiden would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Fauzia Rana, a previous contributor to this topic.

Disclosures

FR declares that she has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Christoph Pechlaner, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Innsbruck Medical University

Innsbruck

Austria

Disclosures

CP declares that he has no competing interests.

John Densmore, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine

Department of Medicine

Division of Hematology/Oncology

University of Virginia

Charlottesville

VA

Disclosures

JD declares that he has no competing interests.

Carlos Aravena, MD

Internal Medicine Instructor

Member of Evidence Based Medicine Unit

Catholic University of Chile

Santiago

Chile

Disclosures

CA declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Snook J, Bhala N, Beales ILP, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia in adults. Gut. 2021 Nov;70(11):2030-51.Full text  Abstract

Ko CW, Siddique SM, Patel A, et al. AGA clinical practice guidelines on the gastrointestinal evaluation of iron deficiency anemia. Gastroenterology. 2020 Sep;159(3):1085-94.Full text  Abstract

Kulasekararaj A, Cavenagh J, Dokal I, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of adult aplastic anaemia: a British Society for Haematology guideline. Br J Haematol. 2024 Mar;204(3):784-804.Full text  Abstract

Bain BJ, Daniel Y, Henthorn J, et al. Significant haemoglobinopathies: a guideline for screening and diagnosis. Br J Haematol. 2023 Jun;201(6):1047-65.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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