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Listeriose

Última revisão: 13 Sep 2025
Última atualização: 26 Jun 2025

Resumo

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • febre
  • diarreia e dor abdominal
  • sintomas tipo gripe na gestação
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • cefaleia
  • estado mental alterado
  • meningismo
  • deficit dos nervos cranianos
  • sinais cerebelares
  • sinais neurológicos focais
  • convulsões
  • hipotensão
  • mal-estar generalizado
  • febre intraparto
  • baixa aceitação alimentar (neonatos)
  • diátese hemorrágica
  • sopro cardíaco
Full details

Risk factors

  • exposição a alimentos contaminados
  • idade >45-50 anos
  • gestação
  • neonatos
  • estados imunocomprometidos
  • deficiência da acidificação do estômago
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • Hemograma completo
  • teste de gravidez na urina
  • hemoculturas
  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) cranioencefálica
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) cerebral
  • Análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR)
Full details

Tests to consider

  • tempo de protrombina (TP) e TTP
  • dímero D
  • cultura da placenta e do líquido amniótico
  • cultura de swab cervical
  • coloração de Gram e cultura do mecônio
  • sorologia de Listeria
  • análise alimentar
  • coprocultura
  • Reação em cadeia da polimerase do sangue
  • outras análises das fezes
  • eletroencefalograma
  • ecocardiografia
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

gastroenterite

infecção sistêmica (excluindo meningite/meningoencefalite)

meningite/meningoencefalite

Contributors

Authors

Petros M. Karsaliakos, MD, FRCP, MSc

Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer

Glasgow University

Consultant in General Medicine

Queen Elizabeth University Hospital

NHS GGC

Scotland

Disclosures

PMK declares that he has no competing interests.

Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD, PhD, FIDSA, FAAM

Charles C.J. Carpenter Professor of Infectious Disease

Chair, Department of Medicine

Charles and Anne Duncan Presidential Distinguished Chair

Professor of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College & Houston Methodist Academic Institute

Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Adjunct Clinical Professor, Texas A&M College of Medicine

Houston Methodist Hospital

Houston, TX

Disclosures

EM is an author of several references cited in this topic.

Peer reviewers

Josiah D. Rich, MD, MPH

Professor of Medicine and Community Health

Brown University

Providence

RI

Disclosures

JDR declares that he has no competing interests.

Alistair Leonord, MBChB, BSc, MRCPath, MD, DTM&H

Professor

Infection and Immunity

Consultant Microbiologist

Bacteriology Dept

Southern General Hospital

Glasgow

UK

Disclosures

AL declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Mylonakis E, Hofmann EL, Calderwood SB. Central nervous system infection with Listeria monocytogenes. 33 years' experience at a general hospital and review of 776 episodes from the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1998 Sep;77(5):313-36. Abstract

Quereda JJ, Morón-García A, Palacios-Gorba C, et al. Pathogenicity and virulence of listeria monocytogenes: a trip from environmental to medical microbiology. Virulence. 2021 Dec;12(1):2509-45.Full text  Abstract

Committee on Obstetric Practice, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee opinion no. 614: management of pregnant women with presumptive exposure to listeria monocytogenes. Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Dec;124(6):1241-4. Abstract

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Listeria infection (listeriosis)​: clinical overview of listeriosis. Aug 2024 [internet publication].Full text

Osek J, Lachtara B, Wieczorek K. Listeria monocytogenes - how this pathogen survives in food-production environments? Front Microbiol. 2022;13:866462.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

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