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Colite tóxica e megacólon tóxico

最后审阅: 22 Sep 2024
最后更新: 29 Jul 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • febre/calafrios
  • taquicardia
  • alterações do estado mental
  • hipotensão
  • distensão abdominal
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • diarreia
  • dor abdominal
  • desconforto abdominal
完整详情

危险因素

  • colite ulcerativa
  • Colite de Crohn
  • colite pseudomembranosa
  • colite infecciosa
  • vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV)/síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS)/imunossupressão
  • descontinuação de medicamentos para tratamento da doença inflamatória intestinal
  • agentes antimotilidade
  • imunossupressão quimioterápica/química
  • anormalidades eletrolíticas
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • Hemograma completo
  • eletrólitos séricos
  • níveis de albumina sérica
  • ácido lático sérico
  • estudos de fezes
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) de abdome/pelve
  • radiografia abdominal
  • radiografia torácica
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • proteína C-reativa
  • velocidade de hemossedimentação (VHS)
  • hemoculturas
  • sigmoidoscopia
  • biópsia retal
  • espécime cirúrgico
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

todos os pacientes

撰稿人

作者

Jan Rakinic, MD

Chief

Colorectal Surgery

Department of Surgery

Southern Illinois University School of Medicine

Springfield

IL

利益声明

JR is the President of the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery.

V. Prasad Poola, MBBS, FACS, FASCRS

Associate Professor of Surgery

Department of Surgery

Southern Illinois University School of Medicine

Springfield

IL

利益声明

VPP declares that he has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr Jan Rakinic and Dr V. Prasad Poola would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Scott A. Strong, Dr Mukta V. Krane, and Dr Alessandro Fichera, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

SAS, MVK, and AF declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议者

Sharon Stein, MD

Assistant Professor of Surgery

Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery

University Hospital Case Medical Center

Cleveland

OH

利益声明

SS received a fee for educational courses on laparoscopic surgery, paid for in part by Covidien, Olympus, and Applied Medical.

David J. Hackam, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Pediatric Surgery

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Pittsburgh

PA

利益声明

DJH declares that he has no competing interests.

James Wheeler, MB, BCh, MD, FRCS

Consultant

Colorectal Surgeon

Addenbrookes Hospital

Cambridge

UK

利益声明

JW declares that he has no competing interests.

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