Resumo
Definição
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- presença de fatores de risco
- secreções aumentadas
- fasciculações
- pupilas puntiformes
- odor característico
- estertores ou roncos na ausculta torácica
- semiconsciente/coma
Other diagnostic factors
- distúrbios visuais
- vômitos
- síndrome semelhante à gripe (influenza)
- incontinência urinária ou fecal
- fraqueza muscular proximal
- reflexos tendinosos profundos anormais
- frequência cardíaca anormal
- pressão arterial anormal
- respiração diminuída
- hipotermia
- convulsões
- neuropatia do sistema nervoso central e periférica (predominantemente motora) tardia
Risk factors
- disponibilidade de pesticidas
- história de lesão autoprovocada ou conflito interpessoal recente
- transtorno mental
- abuso de álcool ou drogas
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- diagnóstico clínico
Tests to consider
- teste de desafio com atropina
- colinesterase plasmática
- colinesterase eritrocitária
- radiografia torácica
- eletrocardiograma (ECG)
- gasometria
Treatment algorithm
intoxicação aguda por organofosforados
síndrome intermediária
neuropatia protelada induzida por organofosforado
Contributors
Authors
Nicholas Buckley, MD, FRACP
Professor of Clinical Pharmacology
Pharmacology Department
Sydney Medical School
University of Sydney
Sydney
New South Wales
Australia
Disclosures
NB is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.
Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge our Emergency medicine (toxicology) expert panel member, Dr Silas Smith, for his contribution to this topic.
Peer reviewers
Rama B. Rao, MD
Chief Division of Medical Toxicology
Department of Emergency Medicine
Weill Cornell Medicine
New York
NY
Disclosures
RBR is an author for UptoDate.
Ruben Thanacoody, MD, FRCP(Edin)
Consultant Physician and Clinical Toxicologist
National Poisons Information Service (Newcastle)
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
UK
Disclosures
RT declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Eddleston M, Buckley NA, Eyer P, et al. Management of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Lancet. 2008 Feb 16;371(9612):597-607.Full text Abstract
Lavonas EJ, Akpunonu PD, Arens AM, et al. 2023 American Heart Association focused update on the management of patients with cardiac arrest or life-threatening toxicity due to poisoning: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2023 Oct 17;148(16):e149-84.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Intoxicação por carbamato
- Intoxicação por piretroides
- Intoxicação por nicotina e neonicotinoides
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- 2023 American Heart Association focused update on the management of patients with cardiac arrest or life-threatening toxicity due to poisoning: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care
- Clinical management of acute pesticide intoxication: prevention of suicidal behaviours
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