小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- presença de fatores de risco
- história de lesão cutânea traumática ou não traumática
- anestesia ou dor intensa no local da celulite
- febre
- palpitações, taquicardia, taquipneia, hipotensão e tontura
- náuseas e vômitos
- delirium
- crepitação
- vesículas ou bolhas
- descoloração acinzentada da pele
- edema ou induração
- local da lesão
危险因素
- contato de paciente hospitalizado com caso índice
- infecção por varicela-zóster
- lesão cutânea, cirurgia, trauma
- lesões da pele não traumáticas
- uso de substâncias por via intravenosa
- doença crônica
- imunossupressão
- anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs)
诊断性检查
首要检查
- exploração cirúrgica
- culturas de sangue e tecidos
- coloração de Gram
- hemograma completo e diferencial
- eletrólitos séricos
- ureia e creatinina séricas
- proteína C-reativa sérica
- creatina quinase (CK) sérica
- lactato sérico
- exames de coagulação
- gasometria arterial
需考虑的检查
- radiografia, TC/RNM, ultrassonografia
- cortes de congelamento frescos
治疗流程
organismo desconhecido
fasciite necrosante do tipo I (polimicrobiana)
fasciite necrosante do tipo II decorrente de estreptococo do grupo A
fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por Staphylococcus aureus
fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por Vibrio vulnificus
fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por Aeromonas hydrophila
fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por mucorales
defeitos estéticos e funcionais persistentes após desbridamento
撰稿人
作者
Ramia Zakhour, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Pediatrics
University of Texas
McGovern Medical School
Houston
TX
利益声明
RZ declares that they have no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Ramia Zakour would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Kevin Steiner and Dr William Petri previous contributors to this topic.
利益声明
KS and WP declared they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
Felix Lui, MD, FACS
Associate Professor of Surgery
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven
VT
Disclosures
FL declares that he has no competing interests.
Shiranee Sriskandan, MA, MBBChir, FRCP, PhD
Professor of Infectious Diseases and Hon. Consultant
Section of Infectious Diseases
Imperial College London
London
UK
Disclosures
SS declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Sartelli M, Guirao X, Hardcastle TC, et al. 2018 WSES/SIS-E consensus conference: recommendations for the management of skin and soft-tissue infections. World J Emerg Surg. 2018 Dec 14;13:58.Full text Abstract
Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jul 15;59(2):e10-52.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Celulite
- Impetigo
- Erisipela
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Global clinical pathways for patients with skin and soft tissue infections
- WSES/SIS-E consensus conference: recommendations for the management of skin and soft-tissue infections
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