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Fasciite necrosante

Última revisão: 4 Aug 2025
Última atualização: 05 Jan 2024

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • história de lesão cutânea traumática ou não traumática
  • anestesia ou dor intensa no local da celulite
  • febre
  • palpitações, taquicardia, taquipneia, hipotensão e tontura
  • náuseas e vômitos
  • delirium
  • crepitação
  • vesículas ou bolhas
  • descoloração acinzentada da pele
  • edema ou induração
  • local da lesão
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • contato de paciente hospitalizado com caso índice
  • infecção por varicela-zóster
  • lesão cutânea, cirurgia, trauma
  • lesões da pele não traumáticas
  • uso de substâncias por via intravenosa
  • doença crônica
  • imunossupressão
  • anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs)
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • exploração cirúrgica
  • culturas de sangue e tecidos
  • coloração de Gram
  • hemograma completo e diferencial
  • eletrólitos séricos
  • ureia e creatinina séricas
  • proteína C-reativa sérica
  • creatina quinase (CK) sérica
  • lactato sérico
  • exames de coagulação
  • gasometria arterial
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • radiografia, TC/RNM, ultrassonografia
  • cortes de congelamento frescos
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

Inicial

organismo desconhecido

AGUDA

fasciite necrosante do tipo I (polimicrobiana)

fasciite necrosante do tipo II decorrente de estreptococo do grupo A

fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por Staphylococcus aureus

fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por Vibrio vulnificus

fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por Aeromonas hydrophila

fasciite necrosante do tipo II causada por mucorales

CONTÍNUA

defeitos estéticos e funcionais persistentes após desbridamento

Colaboradores

Autores

Ramia Zakhour, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Pediatrics

University of Texas

McGovern Medical School

Houston

TX

Declarações

​RZ declares that they have no competing interests.

Agradecimentos

Dr Ramia Zakour would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Kevin Steiner and Dr William Petri previous contributors to this topic.

Declarações

KS and WP declared they have no competing interests.

Revisores

Felix Lui, MD, FACS

Associate Professor of Surgery

Yale School of Medicine

New Haven

VT

Declarações

FL declares that he has no competing interests.

Shiranee Sriskandan, MA, MBBChir, FRCP, PhD

Professor of Infectious Diseases and Hon. Consultant

Section of Infectious Diseases

Imperial College London

London

UK

Disclosures

SS declares that she has no competing interests.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

Sartelli M, Guirao X, Hardcastle TC, et al. 2018 WSES/SIS-E consensus conference: recommendations for the management of skin and soft-tissue infections. World J Emerg Surg. 2018 Dec 14;13:58.Full text  Abstract

Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, et al. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jul 15;59(2):e10-52.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
  • Fasciite necrosante images
  • Differentials

    • Celulite
    • Impetigo
    • Erisipela
    More Differentials
  • Guidelines

    • Global clinical pathways for patients with skin and soft tissue infections
    • WSES/SIS-E consensus conference: recommendations for the management of skin and soft-tissue infections
    More Guidelines
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