Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- dor cervical
- tireoide sensível à palpação, firme e aumentada
- febre
- palpitações
Other diagnostic factors
- infecção viral recente
- mialgia
- mal-estar
- tremor
- intolerância ao calor
Risk factors
- infecção viral
- Determinados alelos de HLA e B35
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- hormônio estimulante da tireoide (TSH) sérico
- nível sérico de T4 total, T3 total, T3 livre, índice de T4 livre e T4 livre
- proporção T3:T4
- captação de iodo radioativo
- Velocidade de hemossedimentação (VHS) sérica
- Proteína C-reativa sérica
- Anticorpos antitireoide séricos (anticorpos antitireoperoxidase [TPO Ab])
Investigations to consider
- biópsia por aspiração com agulha fina
- hemograma completo
Emerging tests
- ultrassonografia da tireoide
Treatment algorithm
fase de hipertireoidismo (tireotóxica)
fase hipotireoidiana
Contributors
Authors
Angela M. Leung, MD, MSc
Associate Professor of Medicine
UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine
VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System
Los Angeles
CA
Disclosures
AL has served on the board of directors of the American Thyroid Association. She is editor-in-chief of Clinical Thyroidology, a journal of the American Thyroid Association. AL is a speaker for Medical Education Resources and MCE Conferences. She has consulted for Vertice Pharma and received article process charges paid by IBSA Institut Biochimique for an invited review article. AL has lectured at a conference sponsored by Merck and presented educational content for the Endocrine Society and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology. AL is an advisor to Medscape and has received research funding from the U.S. Dept of Veterans Affairs.
Acknowledgements
Dr Angela M. Leung would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Stephanie L. Lee, the previous contributor to this topic.
Disclosures
SLL declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Georg Hennemann, MD
Professor of Medicine and Endocrinology
Medical Center Spijkenisse
The Hague
The Netherlands
Disclosures
Not disclosed.
Ronald Merrell, MD
Professor of Surgery
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond
VA
Disclosures
RM declares that he has no competing interests.
References
Key articles
Nishihara E, Ohye H, Amino N, et al. Clinical characteristics of 852 patients with subacute thyroiditis before treatment. Intern Med. 2008;47(8):725-9. Abstract
Stasiak M, Lewiński A. New aspects in the pathogenesis and management of subacute thyroiditis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2021 Dec;22(4):1027-39.Full text Abstract
Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, et al. 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid. 2016 Oct;26(10):1343-421.Full text Abstract
Alexander EK, Pearce EN, Brent GA, et al. 2017 guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and the postpartum. Thyroid. 2017 Mar;27(3):315-89.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Doença de Graves
- Tireoidite infecciosa, supurativa ou aguda
- Bócio multinodular tóxico
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Thyroid disease: assessment and management
- 2017 guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and the postpartum
More GuidelinesPatient information
Hipotireoidismo
More Patient informationLog in or subscribe to access all of BMJ Best Practice
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