Resumo
Definição
História e exame físico
Principais fatores diagnósticos
- presença de fatores de risco
- visão turva
Outros fatores diagnósticos
- astenopia (fadiga visual)
- reflexo retiniano distorcido
- sinal de Munson
Fatores de risco
- história familiar positiva
- presença de miopia
- Etnia asiática, hispânica, índio norte-americano, afro-americana ou indígena brasileira
- cirurgia ou trauma ocular
- síndromes genéticas
- patologias da pálpebra
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- retinoscopia
Investigações a serem consideradas
- ceratometria
- topografia corneana
- tecnologia de análise de frente de onda
- tomografia de coerência óptica do segmento anterior (TCO-SA)
Algoritmo de tratamento
astigmatismo limítrofe em pacientes com idade ≥1 ano
astigmatismo regular
astigmatismo irregular
Colaboradores
Autores
Erez Bakshi, MD
Department of Ophthalmology
Assaf Harofeh Medical Center
Tel Aviv University
Israel
Declarações
EB declares that he has no competing interests.
David Zadok, MD
Principal Investigator
Department of Ophthalmology
Assaf Harofeh Medical Center
Tel Aviv University
Israel
Declarações
DZ declares that he has no competing interests.
Revisores
Michael P. Ehrenhaus, MD
Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology
Cornea External Disease and Refractive Surgery Local Director
Long Island College Hospital Eye Center
Brooklyn
NY
Declarações
MPE declares that he has no competing interests.
Gus Gazzard, MA, MBBChir, MD, FRCOphth
Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon
King's College Hospital
Honorary Research Fellow
Institute of Ophthalmology
London
UK
Disclosures
GG declares that he has no competing interests.
Richard Davidson, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Ophthalmology
Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Institute
University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine
Denver
CO
Disclosures
RD serves on the speakers bureaux for Alcan Inc and Allergan Inc. The work for these companies does not conflict with the review or nature of this topic.
Robert Chang, MD
Associate Professor of Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology Research/Clinical Trials
Stanford University
Palo Alto
CA
Disclosures
RC declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Jacobs DS, Afshari NA, Bishop RJ, et al. Refractive errors preferred practice pattern®. Ophthalmology. 2023 Mar;130(3):P1-60.Full text Abstract
Read SA, Collins MJ, Carney LG. A review of astigmatism and its possible genesis. Clin Exp Optom. 2007 Jan;90(1):5-19. Abstract
Gwiazda J, Grice K, Held R, et al. Astigmatism and the development of myopia in children. Vision Res. 2000;40(8):1019-26. Abstract
Hutchinson AK, Morse CL, Hercinovic A, et al. Pediatric eye evaluations preferred practice pattern. Ophthalmology. 2023 Mar;130(3):P222-70.Full text Abstract
Jacobs DS, Lee JK, Shen TT, et al. Refractive surgery preferred practice pattern®. Ophthalmology. 2023 Mar;130(3):P61-135.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Miopia
- Hiperopia
- Catarata
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Refractive surgery preferred practice pattern
- Vision rehabilitation preferred practice pattern
More Guidelines
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