Resumo
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- presença de fatores de risco
- ruídos hidroaéreos no tórax
Other diagnostic factors
- pirose
- regurgitação
- obesidade
- dor torácica
- disfagia
- odinofagia
- hematêmese
- dispneia
- tosse
- orofaringite
- sibilância
- vômitos não biliosos
- febre e calafrios
- confusão
Risk factors
- obesidade
- envelhecimento
- procedimento gastroesofágico prévio
- pressão intra-abdominal elevada
- sexo masculino
- hérnia incisional, umbilical ou inguinal
Diagnostic investigations
1st investigations to order
- radiografia torácica
- fluoroscopia digestiva alta com contraste oral
Investigations to consider
- Endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA)
- tomografia computadorizada (TC) ou ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM)
- manometria esofágica de alta resolução e monitoramento do pH
Treatment algorithm
hemorragia do trato gastrointestinal superior e/ou obstrução e/ou volvo
isquemia irreversível e/ou necrose de órgãos
doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) sintomática
tipo I refratário à terapia medicamentosa ou o paciente prefere cirurgia
tipos II, III e IV
Contributors
Authors
Constantine T. Frantzides, MD, PhD, FACS

Director
Chicago Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery
St. Francis Hospital
Clinical Professor of Surgery
University of Illinois Chicago
Chicago
IL
Disclosures
CTF declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr Constantine T. Frantzides would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Mark A. Carlson, Dr Amy J. Hargrove and Dr Minh B. Luu, previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
MAC, AJH and MBL declare they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Frank A. Granderath, MD
Associate Professor
Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery
University Hospital Tuebingen
Germany
Disclosures
FAG declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons. Guidelines for the management of hiatal hernia. Apr 2013 [internet publication].Full text
Roman S, Kahrilas PJ. The diagnosis and management of hiatus hernia. BMJ. 2014 Oct 23;349:g6154. Abstract
Sfara A, Dumitrascu DL. The management of hiatal hernia: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Med Pharm Rep. 2019 Oct;92(4):321-25.Full text Abstract
Antoniou SA, Müller-Stich BP, Antoniou GA, et al. Laparoscopic augmentation of the diaphragmatic hiatus with biologic mesh versus suture repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2015 Jul;400(5):577-83. Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Diagnósticos diferenciais
- Angina pectoris
- Doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE)
- Pneumonia
More DifferentialsDiretrizes
- Guidelines for the surgical treatment of hiatal hernias
- ACR appropriateness criteria: epigastric pain
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