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Hidrocefalia de pressão normal

Last reviewed: 30 Mar 2025
Last updated: 28 Jan 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • apraxia da marcha sem resposta à levodopa
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • comprometimento cognitivo
  • polaciúria, urgência ou incontinência urinárias
  • incontinência fecal
Full details

Risk factors

  • idade >65 anos
  • doença vascular
  • diabetes mellitus
Full details

Diagnostic tests

1st tests to order

  • TC de crânio (sem contraste) ou RNM de crânio
  • teste terapêutico com levodopa
Full details

Tests to consider

  • punção lombar
  • punção lombar com retirada de grande volume de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR)
  • drenagem lombar externa prolongada
  • procedimento de infusão de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR)
  • monitoramento contínuo da pressão intracraniana
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ONGOING

adequado para cirurgia

não adequado para cirurgia

Contributors

Authors

Richard Adam Grünewald, MA, DPhil, FRCP
Richard Adam Grünewald

Consultant Neurologist

Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer

Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Sheffield

UK

Disclosures

RAG is the author of a paper cited in this topic.

Acknowledgements

Dr Richard Grünewald would like to gratefully acknowledge Mr Jeremy Rowe, a previous contributor to this topic.

Peer reviewers

Robin Wilson, MD, PhD

Associate Director

Adult Hydrocephalus Center

Sandra and Malcolm Berman Brain & Spine Institute

Sinai Hospital

Baltimore

MD

Disclosures

RW declares that she has no competing interests.

References

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Key articles

INPH Guidelines Study Group. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery. 2005;57(Suppl 3):S2-1-S2-52.Full text

Halperin JJ, Kurlan R, Schwalb JM, et al. Practice guideline: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: Response to shunting and predictors of response: Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2015 Dec 8;85(23):2063-71.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
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  • Guidelines

    • Guidelines for management of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: third edition
    • Practice guideline: idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: response to shunting and predictors of response
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