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Gripe (infecção por influenza)

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  • Teoria
  • Diagnóstico
  • Tratamento
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Última revisão: 6 Apr 2025
Última atualização: 19 Feb 2025

Resumo

Definição

História e exame físico

Principais fatores diagnósticos

  • estação do inverno
  • surto atual de gripe
  • não vacinado
  • tosse com febre
Detalhes completos

Outros fatores diagnósticos

  • faringite
  • linfadenopatia cervical
  • dispneia
Detalhes completos

Fatores de risco

  • idade ≥65 anos
  • 6-59 meses de idade
  • doenças cardiovasculares ou respiratórias crônicas
  • diabetes
  • hemoglobinopatia
  • estado imunocomprometido
  • doença renal crônica (DRC)
  • gestação
  • cuidadores e contactantes domiciliares de grupos de alto risco
  • profissionais da saúde
Detalhes completos

Investigações diagnósticas

Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas

  • diagnóstico clínico
Detalhes completos

Investigações a serem consideradas

  • ensaios moleculares
  • testes de detecção de antígeno
  • cultura viral
  • sorologia
  • radiografia torácica
Detalhes completos

Algoritmo de tratamento

Inicial

exposição à gripe em populações de risco

AGUDA

adultos

crianças

Colaboradores

Autores

Kyle Eggleton, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP(Dist)

Associate Dean Rural

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

University of Auckland

Auckland

New Zealand

Declarações

KE declares that he has no competing interests.

Rachel Roskvist, MBChB, FRNZCGP, MHSc

Senior Lecturer

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

University of Auckland

Auckland

New Zealand

Declarações

RR declares that she has no competing interests.

Bruce Arroll, MBChB PhD FRNZCGP

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

University of Auckland

Auckland

New Zealand

Declarações

BA declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimentos

Dr Kyle Eggleton, Dr Rachel Roskvist, and Professor Bruce Arroll would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Cristine Radojicic, a previous contributor to this topic.

Declarações

CR declares that she is on Advisory boards for CSL Behring and Speakers Bureau Biocryst.

Revisores

Waleed Javaid, MD, FACP, FIDSA

Associate Professor

Medical Director of Infection Control

Infectious Disease

Department of Medicine

SUNY Upstate Medical University

Syracuse

NY

Declarações

WJ declares that he has no competing interests.

Rachel L. Miller, MD, FAAAAI

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine and Environmental Health Sciences

Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons

New York

NY

Declarações

RLM declares that she has no competing interests.

Mark Sands, MD, FAAAAI

Chief

SUNY Buffalo School of Medicine

Division Allergy and Immunology

Buffalo

NY

Declarações

MS declares that he has no competing interests.

An De Sutter, MD, PhD

Associate Professor

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care

Ghent University

Ghent

Belgium

Declarações

ADS declares that she has no competing interests.

Referências

Nossas equipes internas de editoria e de evidências trabalham em conjunto com colaboradores internacionais especializados e pares revisores para garantir que forneçamos acesso às informações o mais clinicamente relevantes possível.

Principais artigos

Uyeki TM, Bernstein HH, Bradley JS, et al. Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 5;68(6):e1-47.Texto completo  Resumo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza (flu). Feb 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR): prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices — United States, 2023–24 Influenza Season. Aug 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

UK Health Security Agency. Annual flu programme. Mar 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child and adolescent immunization schedule: recommendations for ages 18 years or younger, United States, 2024. Nov 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adult immunization schedule by age: recommendations for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2024. Nov 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza antiviral medications: summary for clinicians. Dec 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artigos de referência

Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.

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