小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- presença de fatores de risco
- ingestão elevada de líquidos à noite
- polaciúria
- constipação
- cafeína e outros irritantes vesicais
- urgência urinária
其他诊断因素
- hábitos miccionais anormais
- padrão respiratório anormal à noite
危险因素
- predisposição genética
- constipação
- obstrução das vias aéreas superiores/distúrbios respiratórios do sono
- transtorno de deficit da atenção com hiperatividade (TDAH)
- transtornos psicológicos
- sexo masculino
诊断性检查
首要检查
- urinálise
需考虑的检查
- ultrassonografia do trato urinário
治疗流程
idade <7 anos
idade ≥7 anos
recidiva
撰稿人
作者
Erin C. Grantham, MD
Pediatric Urologist
Department of Urology
Billings Clinic
Billings
MT
利益声明
ECG declares that she has no competing interests.
鸣谢
Dr Erin C. Grantham would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Duncan T. Wilcox and Dr Nicholas G. Cost, the previous contributors to this topic. Dr Erin C. Grantham would also like to acknowledge Jillian Hatfield for her contribution to this topic.
利益声明
DTW and NGC declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
Prasad Godbole, FRCS, FRCS (Paed), FEAPU
Consultant Paediatric Urologist
Paediatric Surgical Unit
Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust
Western Bank
Sheffield
UK
利益声明
PG declares that he has no competing interests.
Elizabeth Jackson, MD
Associate Professor
Pediatric Nephrology
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati
OH
利益声明
EJ declares that she has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
参考文献
关键文献
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed. Text Revision, (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.
European Association of Urology. Guidelines on paediatric urology. 2023 [internet publication].全文
Nevéus T, Eggert P, Evans J, et al. Evaluation of and treatment for monosymptomatic enuresis: a standardization document from the International Children's Continence Society. J Urol. 2010;183:441-447.全文 摘要
Caldwell PH, Codarini M, Stewart F, et al. Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 May 4;5(5):CD002911.全文 摘要
参考文献
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
鉴别诊断
- Anormalidade congênita do trato urinário (por exemplo, ureter ectópico, ureterocele e valvas uretrais)
- Constipação
- Diabetes
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- Guidelines on paediatric urology
- Diagnosis and management of nocturia
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