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Cefaleia enxaquecosa em crianças

Last reviewed: 2 Oct 2025
Last updated: 17 Apr 2025

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • cefaleia episódica intenso
  • náuseas e vômitos
  • sensibilidade à luz e a ruídos
  • impacto funcional
  • sintomas de aura
  • sensação latejante
Full details

Risk factors

  • história familiar de enxaqueca
  • sexo feminino e alterações hormonais
  • má qualidade do sono
  • estresse
  • uso excessivo de medicamentos
  • síndromes periódicas
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • diagnóstico clínico
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) cranioencefálica
  • eletroencefalograma
  • punção lombar
  • velocidade de hemossedimentação (VHS) e proteína C-reativa
  • tomografia computadorizada (TC) de crânio
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

episódio agudo

ONGOING

≥1 enxaqueca significativa por semana

Contributors

Authors

Cristian Ionita, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics (Neurology)

Yale School of Medicine

New Haven

CT

Disclosures

CI declares that he has no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

Dr Christian Ionita would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Nick Barnes, a previous contributor to this topic.

Disclosures

NB declares that he has no competing interests.

Peer reviewers

Kenneth Mack, MD, PhD

Medical Director

Mayo Clinic Pediatric Center

Rochester

MN

Disclosures

KM declares that he has no competing interests.

Tony McShane, MBBS

Consultant Paediatric Neurologist

John Radcliffe Hospital

Oxford

UK

Disclosures

TM declares that he has no competing interests.

Sandeep Jayawant, MBBS

Consultant Paediatric Neurologist

John Radcliffe Hospital

Oxford

UK

Disclosures

SJ declares that he has no competing interests.

Howard S. Jacobs, MD

Associate Professor

Co-Director Pediatric Headache Clinic

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Baltimore

MD

Divulgaciones

HSJ declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimiento de los revisores por pares

Los temas de BMJ Best Practice se actualizan de forma continua de acuerdo con los desarrollos en la evidencia y en las guías. Los revisores por pares listados aquí han revisado el contenido al menos una vez durante la historia del tema.

Divulgaciones

Las afiliaciones y divulgaciones de los revisores por pares se refieren al momento de la revisión.

Referencias

Nuestros equipos internos de evidencia y editoriales colaboran con colaboradores expertos internacionales y revisores pares para garantizar que brindemos acceso a la información más clínicamente relevante posible.

Artículos principales

Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia. 2018 Jan;38(1):1-211.Texto completo  Resumen

Oskoui M, Pringsheim T, Billinghurst L, et al. Practice guideline update summary: pharmacologic treatment for pediatric migraine prevention. Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society. Neurology. 2019 Sep 10;93(11):500-9.Texto completo  Resumen

Oskoui M, Pringsheim T, Holler-Managan Y, et al. Practice guideline update summary: acute treatment of migraine in children and adolescents. Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society. Neurology. 2019 Sep 10;93(11):487-99.Texto completo  Resumen

Richer L, Billinghurst L, Linsdell MA, et al. Drugs for the acute treatment of migraine in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Apr 19;(4):CD005220.Texto completo  Resumen

Artículos de referencia

Una lista completa de las fuentes a las que se hace referencia en este tema está disponible para los usuarios con acceso a todo BMJ Best Practice.
  • Diferenciales

    • Cefaleia tensional
    • Cefaleia por uso excessivo de medicamentos
    • Cefaleia pós-traumática
    Más Diferenciales
  • Guías de práctica clínica

    • Practice guideline update: acute treatment of migraine in children and adolescents
    • Practice guideline update: pharmacologic treatment for pediatric migraine prevention
    Más Guías de práctica clínica
  • Folletos para el paciente

    Enxaqueca em crianças

    Enxaqueca em crianças: medicamentos para prevenir as crises

    Más Folletos para el paciente
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