When viewing this topic in a different language, you may notice some differences in the way the content is structured, but it still reflects the latest evidence-based guidance.

Pediculose capilar

  • მიმოხილვა
  • თეორია
  • დიაგნოზი
  • მართვა
  • მეთვალყურეობა
  • წყაროები
ბოლო მიმოხილვა: 24 Sep 2025
ბოლო განახლება: 23 Apr 2025

შეჯამება

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • presença de fatores de risco
  • prurido do couro cabeludo
  • ninfa ou piolho adulto vivo
  • ovos visíveis na haste capilar a até 1 cm de distância do couro cabeludo
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • pequenas pápulas vermelhas sob a linha do cabelo da nuca
  • linfadenopatia
  • eritema com crosta cor de mel no couro cabeludo
完整详情

危险因素

  • 3-12 anos de idade
  • sexo feminino
  • contato próximo com uma pessoa infectada
  • superpopulação ou condições de moradia em locais de aglomeração
  • condição socioeconômica baixa
  • higiene precária
  • contato com roupas, utensílios de cabelo e roupas de cama contaminados
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • nenhum exame é necessário
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

crianças com <2 meses de idade

crianças com idade ≥2 meses e <2 anos

crianças com idade ≥2 anos e adultos

撰稿人

作者

Aicha Salhi, MD

Professor of Dermatology

Faculty of Medicine

University of Algiers

Algeria

利益声明

AS declares that she has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Professor Aicha Salhi would like to gratefully acknowledge Professor Hermann Feldmeier and Professor Barbara L. Frankowski, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

HF has received consultant and lecture fees from Pohl-Boskamp GmbH, and Co KG, Hohenlockstedt, Germany, and Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbek, Germany; both companies produce various anti-head louse compounds. He is also an author of several references cited in this topic. BLF is an author of a reference cited in this topic.

同行评议者

Richard J. Pollack, PhD

Research Associate

Laboratory of Public Health Entomology

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases

Harvard School of Public Health

Boston

MA

利益声明

RJP has received a research donation by Taro Pharmaceuticals (manufacturer of Ovide) and has been compensated as an independent consultant for scientific review services by Topaz Pharmaceuticals, Hatchtech, and ParaPro, each developing products for the US market. RJP holds no financial interest in any of these companies or their products. RJP is an author of several references cited in this topic.

Ian F. Burgess, MSc, MPhil

Professor

Director

Medical Entomology Centre

University of Cambridge

Cambridge

UK

Disclosures

IFB has been a consultant to various manufacturers of pharmaceutical products, alternative therapies, and combs for treating louse infections. IFB is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Kosta Y. Mumcuoglu, PhD

Professor

Department of Parasitology

Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School

Jerusalem

Israel

Disclosures

KYM is an author of several references cited in this topic.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

References

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Key articles

American Academy of Pediatrics, Nolt D, Moore S, et al. Head Lice. Pediatrics. 2022 Oct 1;150(4):e2022059282.Full text  Abstract

Cummings C, Finlay JC, MacDonald NE et al. Head lice infestations: a clinical update. Paediatr Child Health. 2024 Jan 11;23(1):e18-24.Full text

Reference articles

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer