Resumo
Definição
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- útero cicatrizado
- presença de outros fatores de risco
- sangramento vaginal indolor
- ausência de causas cervicais/vaginais de sangramento no exame especular
Other diagnostic factors
- anomalia na ultrassonografia prévia no primeiro trimestre
- falta de sensibilidade uterina
- hipotensão arterial e taquicardia
Risk factors
- idade materna avançada
- múltiplas gestações prévias
- tabagismo
- aborto espontâneo prévio
- aborto induzido prévio
- outras anormalidades placentárias
- intervalos curtos entre gestações
- uso de substâncias ilícitas
- cicatrização uterina (mais comumente decorrente de um parto cesáreo prévio)
- tratamentos para infertilidade
- placenta prévia anterior
Investigações diagnósticas
Primeiras investigações a serem solicitadas
- ultrassonografia uterina com análise com dopplerfluxometria colorida
- Hemograma completo
- tipagem sanguínea e prova cruzada
Investigações a serem consideradas
- ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) da placenta
- razão normalizada internacional/tempo de tromboplastina parcial (INR/TTP), fibrinogênio e produtos de degradação do fibrinogênio
- teste de Kleihauer-Betke
Algoritmo de tratamento
sangramento com posição da placenta desconhecida
sangramento com posição da placenta prévia conhecida
placenta prévia sem sangramento
com aborto espontâneo ou interrupção eletiva
Colaboradores
Autores
Janet R. Albers, MD

Professor
Department Chair
Family and Community Medicine
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Springfield
IL
Declarações
JRA declares that she has no competing interests.
Thomas H. Miller, MD
Professor
Clinical Family and Community Medicine
Associate Chairman - Western Region
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Springfield
IL
Divulgaciones
THM declares that he has no competing interests.
Agradecimientos
Dr Janet R. Albers and Dr Thomas H. Miller would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Robert Ewart and Dr Matthew Hagermeyer, previous contributors to this topic.
Divulgaciones
RE and MH declare that they have no competing interests.
Revisores por pares
Yosra Tahir Jarjees, MD
Assistant Professor
Head of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mosul College of Medicine
Mosul
Iraq
Disclosures
YTJ declares that he has no competing interests.
John Bachman, MD
Consultant in Family Medicine
Parker D Sanders and Isabella Sanders Professor of Primary Care
Rochester
MN
Disclosures
JB declares that he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
References
Key articles
Jain V, Bos H, Bujold E; Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. Guideline no. 402: diagnosis and management of placenta previa. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2020 Jul;42(7):906-17.e1. Abstract
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Placenta praevia and placenta accreta: diagnosis and management. Green-top guideline no. 27a. Sep 2018 [internet publication].Full text
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists / Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. ACOG SMFM obstetric care consensus #7: placenta accreta spectrum. Dec 2018 [internet publication].Full text
Shipp TD, Poder L, Feldstein VA, et al; Expert Panel on GYN and OB Imaging, American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: second and third trimester vaginal bleeding. J Am Coll Radiol. 2020 Nov;17(11s):S497-504.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
Differentials
- Trabalho de parto normal
- Descolamento da placenta
- Aborto espontâneo
More DifferentialsGuidelines
- Caesarean birth
- Guideline no. 402: diagnosis and management of placenta previa
More GuidelinesPatient information
Parto prematuro
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